|
on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Bilgili, Faik |
| Abstract: | This study considers the Gini 1 and alternative Gini 2 coefficients for households’ % income shares from 1963 to 2015 in Turkey. Throughout regarding calibrations, one might see that, despite the existence of some deviations from trend and some Gini 1 and Gini 2 coefficients’ differences, (a) there exists an improvement in the distribution of income until 2011, except for the year 2009 when the global crisis was experienced, but an average deterioration in the distribution for 2011-2015 period is experienced, (b) the geographical regions of the Turkish economy reveal different outcomes. For the period 2006-2015, it is observed that in the regions of Istanbul, West Marmara, Central Anatolia and North East Anatolia, the Lorenz curve has moved away from full equilibrium line, but in the regions of Aegean, Eastern Marmara and Eastern Black Sea, on the average, a convergence towards the equilibrium from the Lorenz curve has appeared. In other three regions, the Gini coefficients improve on average in Western Anatolia, Mediterranean and Western Black Sea regions. The Gini coefficients are increasing in the period 2006-2011 in the Middle East Anatolia and falling in 2015. In the South East Anatolia Region, there is no progress in the period 2006-2011, but, there happens to be a recovery in income distribution in 2015. |
| Keywords: | New classical approach, Keynesian approach, income distribution, Lorenz curve, measurement of inequality of incomes, Gini coefficient, alternative Gini coefficient, Turkish economy |
| JEL: | B21 B22 B41 B52 C02 C81 C82 C83 D31 D33 D63 E12 E13 E60 H20 |
| Date: | 2017–08–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:81043&r=ara |
| By: | Youssef Sadik (Université Mohammed V, Rabat) |
| Abstract: | Public employment policies for youth have focused on higher level graduates unemployment that constitutes the main concern since the late 1980s, leaving aside other categories of young people, which has led to a broad movement of decomposition-recomposition of the supply-demand jobs. Hence the meteoricrise of new forms of work, called "gray areas", usually at the frontiers of conventional categories of "formal / informal", "precarious / stable", "public / private" etc. The Moroccan government has implemented a number of strategies and actions to support this transformation. Nevertheless, these policies suffer from the dispersion and lack of coordination between the various public and private stakeholders. In this article we propose to study the case of a poor district in Rabat-Sale region). |
| Abstract: | Au Maroc, les politiques publiques d’emploi en faveur des jeunes se sont focalisées sur le chômage des diplômés de niveau supérieur qui constitue la principale préoccupation depuis la fin des années 1980, laissant de côté les autres catégories de jeunes, ce qui a entrainé un large mouvement de décomposition-recomposition de l’offre-demande d’emploi, ce qui entraine la montée de nouvelles formes de travail appelées « zones grises » et qui se situe aux frontières des catégories dualistes classiques « formel/informel », « précaire/stable », « public/privé », etc. Bien que L’État ait mis en place un certain nombre de dispositifs pour accompagner ces transformations. Force est de constater que ces politiques publiques d’emploi souffrent de la dispersion et du manque de coordination entre les intervenants publics et privés. Dans le présent article, nous présentons les résultats de l’étude de terrain que nous avons menée au sein d’un quartier défavorisé dans la région de Rabat-Salé, ensuite nous analysons, sur la base des travaux récents sur les zones grises d’emploi, les dynamiques du marché d’emploi local et ses recompositions. |
| Keywords: | Morocco,employability,gray area of employment,employment,unemployment,Rabat-Salé,employabilité,emploi,chômage,zone grise d'emploi,Maroc |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01525058&r=ara |
| By: | Samer Matta (University of Nottingham) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the impact of political instability on firms. The context of this paper is Tunisia, a country that saw a surge in political instability events after the 2011 Jasmine revolution. Using a new dataset, we show that political instability was a major concern for small and exporting firms as well as for those that were operating in the tourism sector, those that have suffered from vandalism and those that were located in the interior region of Tunisia. Most importantly, we find that political instability was the most damaging constraint to firm growth after the Arab Spring. |
| Date: | 2017–07–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1135&r=ara |
| By: | Ali T. Akarca (University of Illinois at Chicago) |
| Abstract: | Strength of economic voting under single-party and coalition governments is investigated in the case of Turkey. The vote equation developed for this purpose is fitted to data covering 31 parliamentary and local administrations elections held between 1950 and 2015, and considers incumbency advantage, political inertia, strategic voting by the electorate, and political realignments as well. It is found that voters hold coalition governments less responsible for economic performance than single-party governments and minor members of a coalition government less responsible than its major member. The latter gap widens as fragmentation in the government increases numerically and/or ideologically. In governments involving many parties and parties with significantly different ideologies, some of the junior coalition members benefit rather than suffer from a bad economy. These findings may explain, at least partially, why economic performance is poor under coalition governments, particularly under those combining both left and right wing parties. |
| Date: | 2017–08–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1128&r=ara |
| By: | May Gadallah (Cairo University); Maia Sieverding; Rania Roushdy |
| Abstract: | Cross-nationally, having a working mother during childhood is associated with more egalitarian attitudes among both adult men and women. However, no previous studies have explored this relationship in the Middle East and North Africa, where women’s employment rates have remained persistently low. In this paper, we examine the impact of having a working mother during childhood on Egyptian young people’s attitudes towards women’s roles in the public sphere, gender roles in the household, and ideals around number of children and women’s age at marriage that are related to gender roles. In order to address the potential endogeneity of mother’s work and attitudes formation, we use an instrumental variable approach with panel data from the Survey of Young People in Egypt 2009 and 2014 waves. Mother’s employment is instrumented using the governorate-level female labor force participation rate and percentage of women working in the public sector in 2009. We find that having a working mother during childhood led to significantly more egalitarian attitudes towards women’s roles in the public sphere among both young men and women. However, there was no effect on young people’s attitudes towards gender roles in the household. Having a working mother led to lower ideal number of children among sons, but did not have any effect on views of the ideal age of marriage for women among children of either gender. In the Egyptian context, having a working mother during childhood thus appears to led to more egalitarian attitudes around women’s roles outside the household but not necessarily their roles inside the household. This suggests that attitudes around gender roles in the household may be more strongly socially conditioned and thus less affected by individual experience, and is also consistent with the finding from labor market research that women continue to bear the brunt of housework and childcare in Egypt even when they are employed. Thus, while having an employed mother does have some liberalizing effect on individual attitudes, broader change in attitudes around gender roles both inside and outside the home may be needed in order to foster increased female labor force participation. |
| Date: | 2017–10–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1125&r=ara |
| By: | Assaad, Ragui; Krafft, Caroline |
| Abstract: | Youth in Egypt hold rising aspirations for their adult lives, yet face an increasingly uncertain and protracted transition from school to work and thus into adulthood. This paper investigates how labor market insertion has been evolving over time in Egypt and how the nature of youth transitions relates to gender and social class. We demonstrate that youth today face poorer chances of transitioning into a good job than previous generations, despite large increases in educational attainment. Social class is playing an increasing role in determining the success of the transition from school to work in Egypt. Whether youth successfully make transitions to formal jobs, embark on such transitions and fail, or pursue a traditional route to adulthood depends on a complex and changing interaction between their own educational attainment and the resources of their families. In light of these findings, we discuss the policies that can help facilitate successful transitions for struggling youth in Egypt. |
| Keywords: | Transition from school to work,Youth, Adulthood,Life course,Egypt |
| JEL: | I24 J24 J45 J62 O15 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:110&r=ara |
| By: | Lobna M. Abdellatif (Cairo University); Mohamed Ramadan; Sarah A. Elbakry |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we claim that the policy of targeting female-headed households’ (FHHs) may generate bias against women in male-headed households (MHHs) who may be more poverty-constrained. Targeting FHHs may have the merit of clear targeting, however, it doesn’t address the feminization phenomenon of poverty; instead, it presents unequal opportunities for women in other families by less favoring them. We argue that proper targeting could be derived based on the number of women in families. The study applied a Gender-Based Poverty Detection Model to provide a good detection of household poverty and show that the vulnerable characteristics of females could be more influenced by the general household's poverty than females' headed households. Model results showed that not all FHHs are poor, and that some de jure MHHs include a large number of poor females. This means that targeting only de jure FHHs might result in resource leakage to the non-poor and under-coverage of poor de facto FHHs and poor females in MHHs. The analysis asserts that female headship is not always a correlate of poverty in Egypt. An important correlate, however, is the share of female members in the household. This raises questions about the effectiveness of social assistance and poverty alleviation programs in Egypt in targeting female poverty. |
| Date: | 2017–10–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1126&r=ara |
| By: | Hendrik W. Kruse (University of Jordan); Inma Martínez-Zarzoso; Leila Baghdadi |
| Abstract: | We develop a theoretical model and derive conditions under which firms with market power try to influence the setting of quality standards and describe the political equilibrium. We show that in political equilibrium the positive association only holds for a restricted set of initial values of the firm’s market share, if the government ascribes a positive value to consumer welfare. We test our hypothesis using Tunisian data for the years 2002-2010. In our main results, we find a higher incidence of SPS measures in sectors where firms connected to former president Ben Ali have a higher share in imports. However, this association only holds for sectors with high tariffs. For low tariff sectors, we find that Ben Ali firms are associated with more TBTs. A higher concentration of market power in itself does not lead to higher standards, leading us to the conclusion that political power is essential. |
| Date: | 2017–08–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1131&r=ara |
| By: | Nader Naifar (Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia); Syed Jawad Hussain Shahzad; Shawkat Hammoudeh |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of oil price volatility and major financial and uncertainty factors on sovereign credit default swap (CDS) spreads in the case of the oil-rich Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, other oil-exporting countries and regional markets namely the G7, BRICS, Council of Europe (CE), Asia, North America (NA) and the N11 nations. We first employ the standard quantile regression analysis that allows one to investigate the dependence dynamics of the sovereign CDS spreads under different market circumstances. Consequently, we use the causality-in-quantiles, which allows for identifying the quantile range for which causality is relevant. Empirical results show that the sovereign CDSs of the non GCC oil-exporting countries (i.e., Venezuela, Mexico and Russia) are the most affected by oil prices, which is more than those of major global regions/blocs. However, the results show no or little dependence for Saudi Arabia, UAE and Norway which have the largest sovereign wealth funds. The results also show that the sovereign CDS spreads are more sensitive to global bond market uncertainty factors than to global equity market uncertainty factors. Finally, we find causality-in-quantiles between sovereign CDS and global financial risk and uncertainty factors and this causality relationship is different across countries and regions/blocs, particularly in the lower quantiles (i.e., bearish markets). |
| Date: | 2017–08–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1129&r=ara |
| By: | Clémentine Sadania (GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ECM - Ecole Centrale de Marseille) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the impact of women’s work on empowerment in Egypt. Existing evidence suffers from several limitations, which I attempt to address. First, I develop an instrumental variable strategy to account for the endogeneity of work. Second, I allow for a heterogeneous impact of work, distinguishing between working in the public sector, outside work in the private sector and home-based work. Third, women’s empowerment is directly measured as their participation in household decisions. Outside work has the greatest impact. Interestingly, home-based work enhances joint decision-making. Distinguishing between urban and rural residence reveals distinct patterns of impact on decision-making. |
| Keywords: | women’s empowerment,employment,household decision-making |
| Date: | 2016–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01525220&r=ara |
| By: | KASMAOUI, Kamal; ERRAMI, Youssef |
| Abstract: | This paper documents the effects of social cohesion and institutions on public policies in the MENA region using the three-stage least squares (3SLS) method for panel data to deal with the problems of simultaneity and correlation of errors. Our main findings show that the impact of social cohesion on public policies is strengthened only at high qualities of institutions. In other words, there is a threshold effect of institutions beyond which social cohesion has a positive impact on public policies. |
| Keywords: | Social cohesion, Trust, Institutions, Public policies, 3SLS |
| JEL: | H41 O10 O43 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:80950&r=ara |
| By: | Bedri Kamil Onur Tas (TOBB University of Economics and Technology) |
| Abstract: | Public procurement data sets usually lack detailed data that are needed to implement existing methods. We design a method to identify and test for bid rigging in procurement auctions with limited information. The method can be applied to limited data sets using standard econometric tools and software. We implement the methodology to a unique data set about all Turkish public procurement auctions in years 2005-2012, numbering 565,297. We uncover the structure of collusive behavior in Turkish public procurement auctions. We find that collusion significantly increases procurement costs and decreases procurement efficiency. |
| Date: | 2017–10–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:erg:wpaper:1127&r=ara |
| By: | Emrehan Aktug; Tolga Umut Kuzubas; Orhan Torul |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bou:wpaper:2017/04&r=ara |
| By: | Stephane Gauthier (PSE - Paris School of Economics); Taraneh Tabatabai (UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne) |
| Abstract: | We use the Targeted Subsidies Reform implemented in Iran in 2011 to recover empirically the social valuations of Iranian households relying on the assumption of optimal taxes. Unlike the existing literature, we do not restrict attention to a specific pattern for the incentive constraints associated with nonlinear income taxation. Instead we recover the Lagrange multipliers corresponding to these constraints. We find evidence of a significant redistribution toward the bottom three deciles of the income distribution before the reform. This redistribution is however limited by an incentive constraint where the rich envy the social treatment of the poor. At the outcome of the reform incentives no longer matter and the social welfare function of the government of Iran displays a Benthamite-like form. |
| Keywords: | social valuations,Iran,Targeted Subsidies,Principal-agent,incentive constraints,AIDS |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01542799&r=ara |
| By: | Mustapha Khouilid (Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales - Université Mohamed V - Souissi); Abdellah Echaoui (Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales - Université Mohamed V - Souissi) |
| Abstract: | The world economy is still far from the ideal model of a barrier-free market, freed from any barriers to trade. In this paper, we will try to analyse the impact of non-tariff measures on Moroccan exportations. The review of the literature shows that the effect of non-tariff measures on international trade exceeds the tariff ones. In order to analyse empirically the impact of non-tariff measures on Moroccan foreign trade, we used the elasticity of imported demand and an estimated gravitational equation for a sample of 28 countries of different levels of development. Our database consists of 4242 tariff lines during the period 2000-2015. The results show that non-tariff measures negatively affect Moroccan foreign trade. Exporting sectors are not affected to the same degree and suffer more in trade with economically similar countries (Developing countries) than in trade with developed nations. |
| Keywords: | Gravity equation,International trade,Non-tariff measures,Ad-valorem tariff equivalents |
| Date: | 2017–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01527730&r=ara |
| By: | Charaf Eddine Moussir (Université Mohammed 5 Agdal); Abdellatif Chatri (Université Mohammed 5 Agdal) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper is to shed more light on the existence of significant differences in the reactions of Moroccan sectors to monetary policy shocks. The results of the analysis indicate that at the aggregate level a monetary policy tightening leads to a decrease of the overall GDP and price level. At the disaggregated level, the extraction industry, manufacturing, construction, hotels & restaurants, the financial and insurance activities are among the more sensitive sectors to monetary policy shocks. On the other hand monetary policy innovations do not appear to have an adverse impact on agriculture and fishing sectors |
| Keywords: | Morocco.,Monetary policy, sectoral output, VAR model, Impulse response functions |
| Date: | 2017–01–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01449475&r=ara |
| By: | Youssef M. Abu Amuna (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Samy S. Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Suliman A. El Talla (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this research is to identify the reality of electronic human resources management in the Palestinian universities in the Gaza Strip. The study population consisted of the different administrative levels in the universities. The number of employees was (239). The study sample consisted of (148) individuals from the different administrative levels. The response rate was (87,16%). The researchers used the questionnaire as a study tool and used both the analytical and descriptive approaches to achieve the objectives of the study. The SPSS program was used to analyze the study data. The study reached several results, the most important of which is the presence of clarity among the sample of the study of the importance of electronic human resources management, the full awareness of the its benefits, which greatly helps to adopt and develop (e-HRM) as the members of the study sample from the higher administrative levels and those who influence decision-making. The university system in human resources management varies in varying degrees from one university to another and has a significant impact on the direction of electronic human resources management. The researchers explain this difference because of the different priorities of universities, development plans, their potential material, and human capabilities. There are no significant differences in the response of the sample members due to the demographic variables (age group, academic qualification, number of years of service, job category, job title), because there is a convergence between the specifications of the sample members in the universities concerned. There are also significant differences in the response of the sample members attributed to the university variable in favor of the Islamic University. The study reached several recommendations, the most important of which is the need to develop the administrative structure of the universities to commensurate with the process of change to electronic management. It is important to develop (e-HRM) in universities as it has a key role in the success of the process of transition to electronic management. There is a need to expand the use of electronic models to manage personnel to take advantage of its multiple benefits such as reducing expenses and time of completion of transactions. |
| Keywords: | Palestinian Universities,Higher Education Institutions,Electronic management,Gaza Strip,Electronic Human Resources Management |
| Date: | 2017–03–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01559854&r=ara |
| By: | Mazen M. Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Samy S. Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Youssef M. Abu Amuna (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Suliman A. El Talla (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | The research aims to identify the efficiency of information technology and its role in human resources management electronically at universities in the Gaza Strip, and the population of the study consists of IT staff centers, where the number reached 35 employees working in universities in the Gaza Strip,. The researchers used the questionnaire as a tool for the study, descriptive and analytical approach was used to achieve the objectives of the study, (SPSS) program has been used to analyze the study data. The results of the study showed that there is agreement from the sample of the study on the availability of infrastructure in the IT center, which is statistically significant at (0.05), where the relative weight reached (73.97%) and the arithmetic mean (7.4). The results showed that the sample was highly agreeable, as all the results were statistically acceptable and above the arithmetic mean (6). The study stressed that the cooperation of information technology centers of private sector institutions is few and limited. The results confirmed the availability of management information systems for all administrative systems in a medium way, and that these systems are moderately adequate to build an electronic management system. The study reached several recommendations, the most important of which is the need to provide financial support to IT centers for their importance in the process of change to electronic management. The need to develop computerized management information systems to cover all administrative aspects. The need to develop e-HRM in universities, because they have a key role in the success of the process of transition to electronic management. The importance of the adoption of internal electronic correspondence instead of paper, which contributes significantly to reduce administrative financial expenses, and the speed of completion of work. The need to integrate computerized management information systems and work to link what is currently fully present as a beginning to a gradual transition to electronic management. |
| Keywords: | human resources management,Palestinian universities,information technology efficiency |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01572642&r=ara |
| By: | Amal A. Al Hila (Al-Azhar University, Gaza); Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Al-Azhar University, Gaza) |
| Abstract: | This paper aims to indicate the role of servant leadership in achieving Excellence Performance from the perspective of workers in technical colleges. The researchers used the descriptive and analytical approach, and the population of the study teaching at the technical college faculty members (Palestine Technical College, and the University College of Science and Technology), and the study tool is a questionnaire applied to a simple random sample were distributed (120) to identify the study sample was obtained at (111) questionnaire at rate of (92.5%). The results of the study showed the followings: the presence of a statistically significant relationship at the level of (α ≤ 0.05) between the servant leadership and achieve Excellence Performance in technical college’s governorates of Gaza Strip. There are statistically significant differences at (α ≤ 0.05) among respondents responses about Servant Leadership and achieve Excellence Performance in technical colleges governorates of the Gaza Strip due to Faculty variable, and in favor of (the University College of Science and Technology), while there are no significant differences due to the qualification and years the service. One of the most important recommendations: the need to choose university leaders, according to objective criteria of scientific and administrative, and prepared so that those leaders will become one of the factors that contribute to the success of any educational change that is advantageous, so to help provide a regulatory environment that encourages innovation and renewal. The need to pay higher education institutions management special attention to all elements of the work environment as an important variable contributing to the impact on the job performance of employees, which will lead to higher morale and increase their loyalty and belonging to the institution, and the introduction of successful models globally. |
| Keywords: | Technical Colleges, Gaza Strip,Servant Leadership, Excellence Performance |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01571279&r=ara |
| By: | Samy S. Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Youssef M. Abu Amuna (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Suliman A. El Talla (College of Intermediate Studies - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | This study aims to identify the reality of human resources management electronically in Palestinian universities from the perspective of the staff in IT centers. The study population consists of 35 employees in information technology centers. The study sample consisted of (35) employees in technology centers. The recovery rate was (84.31%). The researchers used the questionnaire as a tool for study and the analytical descriptive approach to achieve the objectives of the study. The SPSS program was used to analyze the study data. The results of the study showed that the clarity of the importance of human resources management electronically and the support of senior management are available and contribute greatly to the process of transition to electronic management in general and e-HRM in particular. The study concluded with several recommendations aimed at enhancing e-HRM functions and activities in Palestinian universities. The most important of these are the provision of financial support to IT centers, obtaining legal accreditation for e-signature, and optimizing the ICT tools currently available for implementing e-HRM activities and functions. |
| Keywords: | Gaza Strip,IT staff centers,E-Learning,Palestinian universities,Electronic human resources management,IT staff |
| Date: | 2017–04–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01516216&r=ara |
| By: | Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Samy S. Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | This study aimed to identify the degree of use of the capabilities of decision-support systems in Palestinian institutions higher education, Aqsa University in Gaza-a case study. The study used a analytical descriptive approach, and the researchers used the of questionnaire tool to collect the data, the researchers using stratified random sample distributed (150) questioners to the study population and (126) was obtained back with rate of 84%. The study showed that the most important results are: that senior management supports the existence of decision support systems and that there is approval by the respondents on the paragraphs of the use of the capabilities of decision support systems in general. And that there are no significant differences between the averages of the answers of respondents differences about the degree of use of decision support systems capabilities attributed to personal data. The study also concluded a series of recommendations including: increasing the adoption of the senior management decision support in their decision-making systems. And increased regulatory attention to the potential available to decision support systems directly to the senior management in the Palestinian universities in the Gaza Strip. There is an increased interest in the physical and technical possibilities available for the use of decision support systems. There is an increased interest in human potential available for the use of decision support systems. Investment of information available to universities in building the capacities of integration techniques and other information technology capabilities. The empowerment of human resources in universities and participating in making decisions concerning the construction of the capabilities of information technology. |
| Keywords: | Decision-support systems,Universities,Al-Aqsa University,Gaza |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01509458&r=ara |
| By: | Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Samy S. Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Mohammed Khair I. Kassab (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | The research aims to identify the status of the application of electronic document management system in governmental institutions – the study was applied on the Palestinian Pension Agency. The population of this study is composed of all employees in the Palestinian Pension Agency. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers used the descriptive and analytical approach, through which try to describe the phenomenon of the subject of the study, analyze the data and the relationship between the components and the views put around it. Census method was used due to the small size of the study population and ease of access to the target group. (108) questionnaires were distributed to all members of the study population, were (65) employees in the Gaza Strip and (43) employees in the West Bank. All questionnaires were recovered. The study found the following results: There were no statistically significant differences in the members of the population in response to differences in the study about the reality of the application of electronic document management system in governmental institutions - case study on the Palestinian Pension Authority due to the age. There are no statistically significant differences in population members in response to the reality of the application of electronic document management system in governmental institutions - case Study on the Palestinian Pension Authority due to the variable nature of the job. As well as there are no statistically significant differences in the members of the population in response to the study about the reality of the application of electronic document management system in governmental institutions - case study on the Palestinian Pension Authority due to the variable of specialization. There are statistically significant differences in the study about the reality of the application of electronic document management system in governmental institutions - case study on the Palestinian Pension Authority due to Qualification variable for the benefit of members of the population study who are holding a Bachelor degree. There are statistically significant differences in the study about the reality of the application of electronic document management system in governmental institutions – case study on the Palestinian Pension Authority due to the variable number of years of experience for the benefit of members of the study population who have experience between 11-15 years. The study found a group of recommendations, including: the need to focus on the establishment of a general management of electronic documents in the organization structure that takes care of all the technical processes in it an contains scientifically qualified persons in the field of electronic document management. The need is for the attention in developing strategic plans, policies and mechanisms of action commensurate with the electronic document management system. |
| Keywords: | Palestinian Pension Authority,Electronic document management system |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01505968&r=ara |
| By: | Mazen J Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Samy S Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Youssef M Abu Amuna (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Suliman A El Talla (College of Intermediate Studies - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | The objective of this study is to identify the impact of electronic human resources management on the development of electronic educational services in the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip. The study population consisted of (35) IT staff centers in the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip. The researchers used the questionnaire as a tool of the study and used the descriptive and analytical approach to achieve the objectives of the study. (SPSS) program was used to analyze the data. Results of the study showed that the university system in the provision of electronic educational services affect the process of transition to electronic management of human resources in terms of the use of information technology in some of the functions of human resources management. There are electronic educational services in universities under study, where there is a general trend for electronic educational services, and there is clarity of the concept of e-learning. The study results showed limited educational and training materials published electronically about the staff. The results of the study confirmed that the university system has statistically significant effects on the provision of electronic educational services in electronic human resources management. The study found several recommendations, the most ones are: the need to take advantage of e-educational services in the activities and functions of human resource management such as training and distance learning. The capabilities are available, but they are not taken advantage in this area for the employee. There is a need for optimum utilization of the tools and means of ICT available in the universities such as internet and computers in completing the work and simplify its procedures, and to consider these tools as investment to the university and not as the possession of the equipment, the goal is to not put a computer and internet line in each employee office, but the goal is to take advantage of the computer, network, and ICT tools in all areas to the maximum extent possible. |
| Keywords: | IT staff,Palestinian universities,Gaza Strip,Electronic human resources management,Electronic educational services |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01500357&r=ara |
| By: | Naser Al Shobaki (Al-Azhar University, Gaza) |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study is to identify the reality of computerized Management Information Systems in the Palestinian Ministry of Education and Higher Education. The authors used the descriptive analytical method and the questionnaire method to collect the data. (247) questionnaires were distributed on the study sample and (175) questionnaires were collected back with a recovery rate of (70.8). The study showed a number of results, the most important of which are: there are no statistically significant differences between the responses of the sample members on the relationship of the management information systems to the quality of the administrative decisions in the Ministry of Education and Higher Education, due to the variables (gender, scientific qualification, age, career level). Statistics on the relationship of management information systems to the quality of administrative decisions in the Ministry of Education and Higher Education due to variable years of service. The study concluded that: Emphasize that in order for the Ministry of Education and Higher Education to be able to cope with the rapidly changing external environmental changes and the limited time available for the collection and analysis of information, this means that administrative information systems should be used. The need to work on increasing coordination between the various departments of the ministry because of its great impact on the success of the ministry in achieving its objectives. The importance of involving employees in making any changes and taking their suggestions about the system. The need for management to use external information to provide advice in the area of MIS as required. |
| Keywords: | Ministry of Education and Higher Education,Palestine,computerized management information systems |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01575232&r=ara |
| By: | Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Samy S. Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Suliman A. El Talla (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Youssef M. Abu Amuna (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | The study aimed to identify the university systems of human resources management and their impact on human resources management electronically. The study population consists of the different administrative levels in the universities, with 239 employees and 35 IT staff. The study sample consisted of (148) individuals from the different administrative levels and (35) from IT centers, and the response rate was (84.31%). The researchers used a questionnaire as a study tool, a descriptive analytical approach to achieve the study objectives, and a SPSS program was used to analyze the study data. The results of the study showed that the university system in the management of human resources differs in varying degrees from one university to another and has a great impact towards the human resources management electronically. The results confirmed that the nature of the university system in human resources management is an indicator of the process of transition to human resources management electronically in terms of the use of IT in some human resources management functions. A gap between e-HRM as a technical concept on the one hand and the use and adoption of management and managers. We noted that there is full agreement in terms of the importance of human resources management, However, e-HRM applications are still limited, in their early formations and have not yet been optimally exploited. The use of ICT to take advantage of human resources management functions is commensurate with the requirements of different organizations, from the focus on self-service staff, including focus on incentives and performance appraisal. The University's system of e-learning has an impact on the functions of eHRM, especially in the areas of training and development, communication and e-learning. The study reached a number of recommendations aimed at enhancing e-HRM functions and activities in the Palestinian universities. The most important of these is the need for cooperation among universities regarding the transition to electronic management. The need to find sources of funding for change projects to electronic management and placed in the priorities of strategic plans for universities. The need to develop computerized information systems to cover all administrative aspects. The need to develop e-HRM in universities because of their key role in the success of the process of transition to electronic management. |
| Keywords: | university systems,human resource management,electronic human resources management,Palestinian higher education institutions,Palestinian universities |
| Date: | 2017–07–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01567728&r=ara |
| By: | Abunasser Elshobaki, (Al-Azhar Univeristy, Gaza, Palestine) |
| Abstract: | The study aimed to identify the commitment of the senior management to develop and support the electronic document management systems and the success of the electronic document management system. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the analytical descriptive method in which they tries to describe the phenomenon of the study subject, analyzing its data, the relationship between its components and the opinions that are raised around it. The complete census method was used because of the small size of the study sample and ease of access to the target group. The researchers distributed 108 questionnaires to the Study Population of this research which consist of 65 employees in the Gaza Strip and 43 employees in the West Bank. All the questionnaires were retrieved back. The research found the following results: There is weakness about the existence of a special system includes written plan and mechanisms for the management of documents. The work of the Commission focuses largely on documents and their follow-up between departments. The existence of some small computerized systems in some of the departments for document management in the Commission. There is indeed an archive officer. There exist departments competent to manage the archives of the Commission actually. The presence of more than one archive (retirees and participants for each department separately). The adoption of a system of encoding and indexing is unified by the Commission where it is agreed to coding and indexing each type of files. the international standards are not use in the Commission. The absence of procedures and mechanisms for the transfer of documents to the Palestinian National Archives. There is a security plan for documents in the event of disasters where there are fire alarms and the presence of fire extinguishers in the archive on all floors of the Commission. That there is a commitment by the senior management in the development and support of electronic document management system in all departments and specialties of the Commission, by providing both financial support and the legal boundaries of the electronic system The research led to a number of recommendations, the most important of which is to increase the interest and awareness of the need to apply policies, mechanisms and procedures to ensure the success of the electronic document management system by taking advantage of the experiences of other institutions and the private sector. The need to enhance attention to the existence of a central computer network linking the main office in Gaza with the rest of the branches in the West Bank in order to ensure the implementation of the electronic document management system and the ability to hold meetings via video screens Convergence and the ability to exchange copies of electronic data. The need to focus on the Palestinian National Archives and follow up the international standards by the International Council for Archives (ICA). |
| Keywords: | Palestinian Pension Authority,State of Palestine,Senior Management,Electronic Document Management System |
| Date: | 2017–06–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01552188&r=ara |
| By: | Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Samy S. Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Tarek M. Ammar (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | The aim of the study is to identify the degree of administrative transparency in the Palestinian higher educational institutions in the Gaza Strip. In the study, the researchers adopted a descriptive and analytical method. The research population consisted of administrative staff, whether academic or administrative, except for those in senior management or the university council. The study population reached 392 employees. A random sample was selected (197). The number of questionnaires recovered was (160) with a recovery rate of (81.2%). The researchers used a questionnaire for the data collection and were treated using SPSS to obtain the results. The results show that there is no significant difference between male responses and female responses due to gender variable. The results also confirm that there is no significant difference between respondents' responses due to the age variable. The results also showed a significant difference between respondents' responses attributed to the university variable. There is a fundamental difference between respondents' responses attributed to the scientifically qualified variable. The results also confirmed a significant difference between respondents' responses attributed to the management level variable. The results also confirmed a significant difference between respondents' responses due to variable years of service. The research reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which is: The necessity of Palestinian universities to adhere to the application of transparency standards in all university activities. The need to benefit from regional and international experience in the application of transparency systems within universities and to examine the possibility of applying these systems in our universities. As well as the need to engage in the program of teaching transparency in universities, as it is confirmed that only five universities participated in this experiment. The importance of raising awareness among the employees of Palestinian universities to clarify the foundations of building transparency and its dimensions to represent the active supporter through workshops and seminars. |
| Keywords: | Gaza,Palestine,Administrative Transparency,Palestinian Universities,Institutions of Higher Education |
| Date: | 2017–04–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01509031&r=ara |
| By: | Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University); Samy S. Abu Naser (Department of Information Technology - Al-Azhar University) |
| Abstract: | This study aimed to identify the reality of applying Re-Engineering of operations and business in the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip. The study was applied on the Al-Azhar University in Gaza. The study used the analytical descriptive approach. The researchers used questionnaire as data collection method and used sample stratified random method. (150) questionnaires were distributed on the study population and (118) questionnaires were retrieved back with rate of 78.7%. The study showed that the most important results are: there is approval by the respondents on the paragraphs of re-engineering operations and business in general. And there are no significant differences between the averages of the respondent's answers about the reality of applying re-engineering of operations and business attributable to demographic variables. The study also concluded to a set of recommendations, the most important are: it is necessary to increase interest in human capabilities available for applying re-engineering of operations and business by working on the provision of specialized training programs for workers to help rebuild and bring about change and institutional development of the Palestinian universities, where it must focus on training as strategic element of re-engineering elements, so as to explain to workers the benefits of the new curriculum and the positive effects belonging to them, and train them on the systems and new concepts and approaches required to make substantial changes to the work. Use teams of workers who have been trained to participate in the re-engineering of the administrative processes. Clarify the importance of Al-Azhar University in Gaza in adopting the re-engineering because of its benefits in the universities, especially in the reduction of costs and the consequent features. |
| Keywords: | Excellence Re-engineering of operations and business,Palestinian universities,Gaza strip,Al-Azhar University in Gaza |
| Date: | 2017–05–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01522414&r=ara |
| By: | Safaa Tabit (Université Mohammed 5 Agdal); Charaf-Eddine Moussir (Université Mohammed 5 Agdal) |
| Abstract: | This paper aims to analyze the impact of MRA's remittances on economic growth by using two models VAR and ECM over the period 1975-2014. The results conclude that MRA's remittances represent a determinant of economic growth, in the short term, with an elasticity low compared to the long-term behavior. Given the impulse responses analysis, a shock on MRA's transfers has a positive impact on GDP, investment and consumption. |
| Keywords: | Economic growth,Remittances,VAR,Error correction model,Moroccans resident abroad |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01449502&r=ara |
| By: | Amal A. Al Hila (Al-Azhar Univeristy, Gaza, Palestine); Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Al-Azhar Univeristy, Gaza, Palestine); Samy S. Abu Naser (Al-Azhar Univeristy, Gaza, Palestine) |
| Abstract: | The research aims to demonstrate the effect of academic freedom in the promotion of social responsibility from the standpoint of teaching faculty members in Palestinian university of Gaza provinces. The researchers used descriptive analytical approach. The research community consists of the faculty members of (the and the study tool is a questionnaire applied on a stratified random sample of staff members, and (250) questionnaires were obtained with recovery rate of (84.75%). The results of the study showed a statistically significant relationship between academic freedom in all its dimensions (teaching, expression of opinion, scientific research, decision-making, community service) and the promotion of social responsibility dimensions (administrative and procedural, societal, ethical and moral, environmental health, national and affiliation, cognitive and educational) from the perspective of university teaching staff. Also it showed the presence of a statistically significant effect between academic freedoms (freedom of teaching, scientific research, community service) and the promotion of social responsibility, and the (freedom of expression, and freedom of decision-making) was a weak effect. The results also showed no statistically significant differences for both variables (educational qualification, and years of service) and that there are differences according to the variable of the university in favor of Al-Azhar University. The researchers recommended providing good regulatory environment for the exercise of academic freedom and promote innovation and support for faculty members and urged them to do diverse and creative scientific research and achievement of leadership, and encourage them to participate in conferences, seminars and express their opinions in complete freedom. |
| Keywords: | academic freedom,community responsibility,and Faculty members,the Palestinian higher educational institutions,Palestinian universities,Gaza Strip |
| Date: | 2017–08–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01571287&r=ara |
| By: | Sylvie Faucheux (LIRSA CNAM - LIRSA - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche en Sciences de l'Action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM]); Isabelle Nicolaï (LGI - Laboratoire Génie Industriel - EA 2606 - CentraleSupélec) |
| Abstract: | La croissance verte relève d’un développement véritablement durable dans ses dimensions économiques, sociétales et écologiques. Dans cette perspective, nous abordons la question du lien entre lutte contre le changement climatique et compétitivité économique, notamment pour le Maroc, puis les conditions requises pour que cette croissance verte s’inscrive sur un sentier de développement durable. Cette analyse de l’innovation en vue du développement durable (ou éco-innovation) au Maroc est menée en examinant les enjeux de la ville intelligente plus souvent désignée par l’expression anglaise de smart city. Nous rappelons que le Maroc a compris que la lutte contre le changement climatique représente une sérieuse opportunité pour se positionner sur une trajectoire de croissance verte. Nous nous interrogeons sur les enjeux de ces eco-innovations et sur leurs conséquences en termes d'emplois et d'entreprenariat social au Maroc. |
| Keywords: | eco-innovation, Maroc, smart city, emplois, entreprenariat social, économie verte, innovation responsable |
| Date: | 2017–06–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01533448&r=ara |
| By: | Charaf-Eddine Moussir (Université Mohammed 5 Agdal) |
| Abstract: | The effects of monetary policy on economic performance have long attracted the attention of economists and policy makers. The literature identifies different ways of understanding the monetary transmission mechanisms. They vary according to the importance given to interest rates, credits, exchange rates, asset prices and other financial institutions in the transmission mechanism. The purpose of this paper is to shed more light on the existence of significant differences in the reactions of Moroccan sectors to monetary policy shocks. The results of the analysis indicate that at the aggregate level a monetary policy tightening leads to a decrease of the overall GDP and price level. At the disaggregated level, the extraction industry, manufacturing, construction, hotels & restaurants, the financial and insurance activities are among the more sensitive sectors to monetary policy shocks. On the other hand monetary policy innovations do not appear to have an adverse impact on agriculture and fishing sectors. |
| Abstract: | L'objectif de cet article est de mettre en lumière l'existence de différences significatives dans les réactions des secteurs marocains aux chocs de politique monétaire. Les résultats de l'analyse indiquent que, au niveau agrégé un resserrement de la politique monétaire conduit à une diminution du niveau du PIB et du niveau des prix. Au niveau désagrégé, l'industrie d'extraction, de manufacture, le BTP, hôtels et restaurants, les activités financières et d'assurance sont parmi les secteurs les plus sensibles aux chocs de politique monétaire. D'autre part les innovations de la politique monétaire ne semblent pas avoir un impact significatif sur les secteurs de l'agriculture et de la pêche. |
| Keywords: | Monetary policy,Sectoral output,vector auto regression (VAR),Impulse response functions,Morocco,Fonctions de réponse impulsionnelle,Maroc,Politique monétaire,Production sectorielle,Modèle Vectoriel autorégressif |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01449490&r=ara |
| By: | Karim Oulmaati (Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Valeurs et Savoir - Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi); Said Ezzahri (Valeurs et Savoir - Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi); Khalid Samadi (Valeurs et Savoir - Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi) |
| Abstract: | La mise en place d'un projet e-learning dans le contexte universitaire modifie profondément les habitudes et les comportements vis-à-vis les pratiques pédagogiques. À cet égard, pour faciliter l'adhésion et l'acceptation des changements induits par l'implémentation des dispositifs e-learning dans l'activité d'enseignement et de réduire ainsi les facteurs de refus auprès des professeurs de l'enseignement supérieur, il est nécessaire d'adopter une stratégie de conduite du changement qui joue un rôle crucial dans la réussite de la mise en place d'un projet e-learning et son intégration efficace. Ce travail de recherche vise à présenter la mise en œuvre et l'évaluation d'une stratégie de conduite du changement autour de l'adoption d'un projet e-learning intitulé « minassati » par les enseignants universitaires pour rénover les pratiques pédagogiques au sein de la faculté des lettres et des sciences humaines de Tétouan. Les données ont été recueillies par le biais d'une enquête par questionnaire auprès de sept enseignants concernés par les actions de conduite du changement et par les traces numériques laissées sur la plate-forme e-learning « minassati ». Les résultats révèlent que la stratégie de conduite du changement adoptée est réussie, puisque les enseignants sont, d'une part, convaincus par l'importance de la rénovation des pratiques pédagogiques à travers la mise en œuvre des projets e-learning dans le contexte universitaire et, d'autre part, satisfaits de la qualité de la formation en matière de d'élaboration des cours en ligne sur Moodle. Par ailleurs, ils sont motivés à élaborer leurs propres cours en ligne et à les mettre sur la plate-forme e-learning « minassati » à condition d'assurer un accompagnement technique adéquat. |
| Keywords: | Technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC),enseignement supérieur,Conduite du changement,E-learning,Technologies de l'information et de la communication en éducation TICE,Sciences humaines |
| Date: | 2017–05–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01522244&r=ara |
| By: | Karim Oulmaati (Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Valeurs et Savoir - Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi); Said Ezzahri (Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Valeurs et Savoir - Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi); Khalid Samadi (Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Valeurs et Savoir - Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi) |
| Abstract: | La mise en place d'un projet e-learning dans le contexte universitaire modifie profondément les habitudes et les comportements vis-à-vis les pratiques pédagogiques. À cet égard, pour faciliter l'adhésion et l'acceptation des changements induits par l'implémentation des dispositifs e-learning dans l'activité d'enseignement et de réduire ainsi les facteurs de refus auprès des professeurs de l'enseignement supérieur, il est nécessaire d'adopter une stratégie de conduite du changement qui joue un rôle crucial dans la réussite de la mise en place d'un projet e-learning et son intégration efficace. Ce travail de recherche vise à présenter la mise en œuvre et l'évaluation d'une stratégie de conduite du changement autour de l'adoption d'un projet e-learning intitulé « minassati » par les enseignants universitaires pour rénover les pratiques pédagogiques au sein de la faculté des lettres et des sciences humaines de Tétouan. Les données ont été recueillies par le biais d'une enquête par questionnaire auprès de sept enseignants concernés par les actions de conduite du changement et par les traces numériques laissées sur la plate-forme e-learning « minassati ». Les résultats révèlent que la stratégie de conduite du changement adoptée est réussie, puisque les enseignants sont, d'une part, convaincus par l'importance de la rénovation des pratiques pédagogiques à travers la mise en œuvre des projets e-learning dans le contexte universitaire et, d'autre part, satisfaits de la qualité de la formation en matière de d'élaboration des cours en ligne sur Moodle. Par ailleurs, ils sont motivés à élaborer leurs propres cours en ligne et à les mettre sur la plate-forme e-learning « minassati » à condition d'assurer un accompagnement technique adéquat. |
| Keywords: | Conduite du changement,Enseignement supérieur ,Technologies de l'information et de la communication en éducation TICE,E-learning,Sciences humaines |
| Date: | 2017–05–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01512373&r=ara |
| By: | Mazen J. Al Shobaki (Al-Azhar University, Gaza) |
| Abstract: | The aim of this study is to explore the impact of the use of the Decision support systems in the Re-engineering in the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip. A descriptive approach was used where a questionnaire was developed and distributed to a stratified random Sample. (500) questionnaires were distributed and (449) were returned, response rate (89.8%). The study reached many results such as: There is a statistically significant an impact at a significant level (α ≤ 0.04) between the decision support systems and re-engineering in the universities under investigation. There are differences in the answers of the respondents concerning the impact of the use of decision support systems in Re–Engineering due to the gender of the respondents in favor of the males. The study reached many Conclusions such as: In order to be able to cope with globalization and its technical aspects, the Palestinian universities in Gaza should focus on the process of re- engineering. The importance of this tendency should be clarified to the top management of these universities specially those who are not willing to do so. The universities should be encouraged to start implementing its re-engineering programs while developing the infrastructure for there information technology as a whole, and the decision support systems in particular. |
| Keywords: | Re-engineering,Palestinian universities , Decision support systems |
| Date: | 2016–04–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01571282&r=ara |