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on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Cockx, Lara; Francken, Nathalie |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the discrepancy between the vast natural resource wealth and the relatively low spending on human development in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Our results show a robust, significant inverse relationship between natural resource dependence and public health spending, and natural resource dependence and public education spending over time. The effects remain significant after controlling for income, aid, the age structure of the population, and the quality of institutions. Moreover, we find a particularly strong resource curse effect of oil on social spending. Despite the mounting burden on MENA‘s economic development models due to significant population growth and the pressing need for diversification, countries have been unable or unwilling to convert natural resource wealth into increased social spending. Governments should be strongly encouraged to manage their natural wealth in an accountable and equitable manner that follows international best practice. Correct taxation of natural resource, and especially, oil wealth should provide the governments with adequate budgets to fund a desirable level of public health provision. Finally, the equity of distribution of education spending could be improved. |
| Keywords: | public social spending; Middle East; North Africa |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iob:wpaper:201503&r=ara |
| By: | Ali T. Akarca (Department of Economics (mc 144), University of Illinois at Chicago, 601 S. Morgan Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.); Aysit Tansel (Department of Economics, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey, Institute for Study of Labor (IZA), P.O. Box 7240, D-53072 Bonn, Germany, and Economic Research Forum (ERF) Cairo,) |
| Abstract: | Antalya and Muğla provinces located in southwestern Turkey have emerged as new magnets for internal migration in the country. Socio-economic, demographic and labor market characteristics of immigrants coming to these two provinces from various regions are studied to uncover the reasons fueling their moves. This is accomplished through an analysis of descriptive statistics, and an analysis of a gravity model estimated. Differences and similarities between immigrants coming to these two provinces and those going to other migrant magnets, between immigrants and natives in Antalya and Muğla, and among immigrants coming to the two provinces from various origins are noted. What distinguishes Antalya and Muğla from other migrant-drawing provinces is that they attract some retirees and university students as well and their immigrants participating in the labor force are attracted mainly by jobs created in the sectors related to tourism, either directly or indirectly, rather than industry. Immigrants from different origins exhibit different characteristics and tend to specialize in different types of jobs. However, as other migrant flows, those directed at Antalya and Muğla are affected by distance adversely and by unemployment differential, past migration and population size at origin, favorably. |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tek:wpaper:2015/13&r=ara |
| By: | Sakarya, Burchan |
| Abstract: | Since Global Financial Crisis the performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks have been an area of interest due to the difference in the principles of financial intermediation. Another area of interest is the financial stability characteristic of Islamic banks stemming from their business model. With the strong growth projection of Islamic banking in global finance, their soundness becomes of an increasing concern. The main goal of the paper is to investigate whether Islamic (participation) banks in Turkey are more stable than conventional banks using a Z-Score values in a panel data framework |
| Keywords: | Islamic Banks, Z-Score, Panel Data |
| JEL: | C33 G20 G21 |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:69451&r=ara |
| By: | zerzeri, feriel |
| Abstract: | In this paper we investigate postulations on the relations between innovation activities and economic factors growth. The old explication of innovation are limited to the notions of technological progress but there si a new way to analyze innovation and it doesn't limit itself to the number of patent, it deals with improvements on production, process, organisation. This study focus on the determinants of innovations on a microeconomic and a macroeconomic level. This paper explain the role of the innovation system, the government role, the cooperation network and the human ressources capacity in improving tunisian firms growth. |
| Keywords: | Innovation, Economic growth, cooperation, patent, open innovation,networks, human ressources |
| JEL: | O31 O33 O44 |
| Date: | 2016–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:68909&r=ara |
| By: | Djemaci, Brahim |
| Abstract: | This study analyses the factors that influenced the production of municipal waste in Algeria. It carries an estimate of future quantities of waste on the basis of data from 48 departments from 1997 to 2008. We use econometric projection of the waste to determine the factors that influence the production of waste. The analysis shows that the production of municipal waste in Algeria is related to several factors: population density, the retail trade. The projection of future municipal waste amount achieves the 28 million tons in 2025. |
| Keywords: | municipal waste, forecast waste, attractiveness of the territory, panel data, Algeria. |
| JEL: | C33 C53 F18 Q53 |
| Date: | 2016–01–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:68879&r=ara |