|
on MENA - Middle East and North Africa |
| By: | Dan Finn; Rebekka Grun; Katia Herrera-Sosa; Herwig Immervoll; Cristobal Ridao-Cano; Gokce Uysal; Ahmet Levent Yener |
| Keywords: | Work and Working Conditions Health, Nutrition and Population - Population Policies Social Protections and Labor - Labor Policies Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Finance and Financial Sector Development - Debt Markets |
| Date: | 2013–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21124&r=ara |
| By: | Rachel Lipson; Nazaneen Ismail Ali; Ala Al-Kazzaz |
| Keywords: | Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures Infrastructure Economics and Finance - Private Participation in Infrastructure International Economics and Trade - Government Procurement Private Sector Development - E-Business Public Sector Economics Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2014–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21289&r=ara |
| By: | Gammoudi, Mouna; Cherif, Mondher |
| Abstract: | This paper examines how capital account liberalization (CAL) affects Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows. The authors use the System Generalized-Method-of-Moments (GMM) estimator developed for the dynamic panel model for a sample of 17 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries from 1985 to 2009. Their findings reveal that the positive impact of CAL on FDI depends on the political stability in a host country. Furthermore, the results show that enhancing democratic institutions, enforcing property rights, reducing the risk of expropriation and religious tension seem to be some of the most promising policies to attract FDI to the region. The authors also find that foreign investors value the quality of institutions more than the level of corruption or bureaucratic quality in the location choice. Their results are robust to using different indicators of institutional quality. The findings are relevant for MENA countries given that many of them have engaged in a process of liberalization and have weak institutions. |
| Keywords: | capital account liberalization,foreign direct investment,institutional quality,GMM-system |
| JEL: | C23 D73 F21 F43 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifwedp:201510&r=ara |
| By: | Farrukh Iqbal |
| Keywords: | Access and Equity in Basic Education Teaching and Learning Gender - Gender and Education Education - Education For All Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Regional Economic Development |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21290&r=ara |
| By: | Lili Mottaghi |
| Keywords: | Energy - Energy Demand Oil Refining and Gas Industry Macroeconomics and Economic Growth - Markets and Market Access Environment - Environment and Energy Efficiency Energy - Energy and Environment Industry |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21462&r=ara |
| By: | Margolis, David N.; Miotti, Luis; Mouhoud, El Mouhoub; Oudinet, Joël |
| Abstract: | In this paper, using an original survey, we analyze the distributional impact of international migration across two regions of Algeria. A semi-parametric descriptive analysis is comple- mented with a parametric model. Remittances do not significantly change the Gini coefficient in nearly any of the counterfactual scenarios. However, migration reduced poverty by 40 per- cent, with different effects across regions for extreme poverty. Foreign transfers, especially foreign pensions, have a strong positive impact on very poor families in one region. Poor families in the other region suffer from a “double loss”: their migrants do not provide local income and they do not send much money home. |
| Keywords: | Inequality; migration; pensions; poverty; remittances; |
| JEL: | F24 O15 O55 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dau:papers:123456789/14683&r=ara |
| By: | Ahmet Sensoy |
| Abstract: | Taking the cost of trading as a liquidity proxy, we provide evidence of commonality in liquid- ity and look for sources of it in an emerging market, Turkey. We show that the commonality in non-index stocks is higher than the commonality in index stocks. As the position size to trade increases, the strength of commonality is preserved for the former, however it decreases for the latter, which is argued to depend on the dierences in the behaviors of individual and institutional investors. Regarding non-index stocks, we also reveal that buy side liquidity has a stronger commonality than sell side liquidity for small positions to trade, whereas it is the opposite case for large trading positions, a possible outcome of the individual investors' positive bias towards recent market performance. Further analysis on ownership eect shows that for mid-to-large cap rms, institutional investors are the main source of commonality in liquidity as expected, whereas individual investors are the main in uence on commonality for small cap rms. A time varying perspective reveals that among several domestic and global macro-economic variables, liquidity commonality is signicantly aected only by the interest rate decisions and GDP announcements of U.S.; and it tends to increase when the market is falling and/or volatile. |
| Keywords: | Liquidity commonality, cost of trading, index trading, ownership structure, macro-announcements |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bor:wpaper:1523&r=ara |
| By: | Thomas Joseph; Yaw Nyarko; Shing-Yi Wang |
| Abstract: | Using new data matching remittances and monthly payroll disbursals, we demonstrate how fluctuations in migrants' earnings in the United Arab Emirates affect their remittances. We consider three types of income fluctuations that are observable by families at home: seasonalities, weather shocks and a labor reform. Remittances move with all of these income changes. Remittances do not move with an individual's growth in earnings over time. The slope of the relationship between earnings and time in the UAE varies across individuals and is not easy to observe by families. Thus, a key characteristic that drives remittance behavior is the observability of income rather than other features of these fluctuations. The results are consistent with a private information model where remittances are viewed by the migrant worker as payments to their families in an income-sharing contract. |
| JEL: | F22 F24 J60 O15 O53 |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:20986&r=ara |
| By: | Emmanuel Cuvillier; Salam Almaroof |
| Keywords: | Social Development - Social Cohesion Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures Social Protections and Labor - Labor Policies Public Sector Economics Corruption and Anticorruption Law Law and Development Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21288&r=ara |
| By: | Jouini, Nizar; Oulmane, Nassim; Peridy, Nicolas |
| Abstract: | The North African countries (NACs) production and export structure is suffering from double constraints: insufficient diversification along with excessively weak sophistication. This study establish a deeper link between diversification/sophistication on and growth in the NACs. The study assesses the impact of these variables on the growth of these countries so as to verify whether the current export structure is indeed a constraint to the economic development. The approach used consists in estimating a growth model as a Barro's regression (conditional -convergence model) using panel data. The paper identify the factors determining diversification and sophistication of exports so as to find the various levers and actions which would firstly allow NACs to diversify their exports to higher added value products and secondly to take the existing products to a higher level of sophistication. The last part of this study proposes recommendations in terms of economic policies based on obtained results, highlighting the role of various stakeholders, and different policies. |
| Keywords: | Export diversification, sophistication, North Africa. |
| JEL: | F15 F43 O14 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:62476&r=ara |
| By: | Emmanuel Cuvillier; Salam Almaroof; Razi Diab |
| Keywords: | Legal Institutions of the Market Economy Law and Development - Judicial System Reform Public Sector Regulation Governance - Parliamentary Government Law and Development - Legal Products Public Sector Development |
| Date: | 2015–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21463&r=ara |
| By: | Chen, Junyi; Kibriya, Shahriar; Bessler, David; Price, Edwin |
| Abstract: | Though recent literature uncovers linkages between commodity prices and conflict, the causal direction of the relationship remains ambiguous. We attempt to contribute in this strand of research by studying the dynamic relationship of commodity prices and the onsets of conflict events in Sudan. Using monthly data ranging from January 2001 through December 2012, we identify a structural breakpoint in the multivariate time series model of prices of the three staple foods (sorghum, millet, and wheat) and conflict measure (number of conflict events) in September of 2011. Applying Structure Vector Autoregression (SVAR) and Linear Non-Gaussian Acyclic Model (LiNGAM), we find that wheat price is a cause of conflict events in Sudan. We find no feedback from conflict to commodity prices. |
| Keywords: | Commodity Prices, Conflict, Sudan |
| JEL: | C54 O1 Q02 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:62461&r=ara |
| By: | World Bank |
| Keywords: | Poverty Reduction - Achieving Shared Growth Poverty Reduction - Poverty Assessment Poverty Reduction - Poverty Monitoring & Analysis Poverty Reduction - Poverty Reduction Strategies Social Protections and Labor - Labor Markets Social Protections and Labor - Safety Nets and Transfers Conflict and Development - Post Conflict Reconstruction |
| Date: | 2014–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wbk:wboper:21364&r=ara |
| By: | Mtiraoui, Abderraouf |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this article is to study the direct and indirect influence of the action of public authority on socio-economic indicators. Indeed, our approach is to test the combined effects of many economic and social factors in the context of a profound change of control systems via human capital and in the presence of institutional change. The adopted scheme so requires and how to govern it is necessary to discover the nature of governance (the effectiveness of government and control of corruption) while using simultaneous equations model in the MENA region during the period 1984- 2012. |
| Keywords: | Government Effectiveness, Control of Corruption, Human Capital, Economic Growth, Model simultaneous equations, MENA. |
| JEL: | H1 |
| Date: | 2015–02–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:62433&r=ara |
| By: | Mtiraoui, Abderraouf |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this paper to study the direct and indirect influence of corruption on economic indicators like the human indicator. Indeed, it would be very important to clarify the impact of control of corruption on human capital while considering the direct and indirect effects of the control of corruption on human capital by applying a regression analysis. We treat the main channels of direct transmissions of corruption as the degree of openness and indirect channels we quote then investment, trade policy. Finally, we analyze the significance of variables in explaining the effects of control of corruption on human capital by estimates of models with panel data in two different areas to make a MENA and OECD benchmarking. |
| Keywords: | Control of corruption, Human Capital, Economic Growth, Estimation, Models with Panel Data, MENA, OECD. |
| JEL: | I25 |
| Date: | 2014–12–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:60874&r=ara |
| By: | Mtiraoui, Abderraouf |
| Abstract: | The objective of this paper is to study the relationship between economic growth, governance (government effectiveness and the public to fight against corruption), and human capital to clarify the direct and indirect effects of corruption control -government efficiency in public spending, especially in the education sector and the health sector trvers human capital. To fight against corruption (corruption control), public spending on education and research -they are able to improve research and development and to reduce ignorance in some countries? The government effectiveness in the fight against corruption remains the only element necessary for public health spending is accompanied by a low mortality rate and an improvement in the quality of services for nation’s consièdération? Finally, we will make a comperative analysis between two areas (MENA and OECD) while adopting the method of the model to sumiltannées equations for a definite period (1984-2012). |
| Keywords: | Control of Corruption, Human Capital, Economic Growth, estimated at sumiltannées model equations, MENA, OECD |
| JEL: | I2 |
| Date: | 2015–01–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:61226&r=ara |