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on Agricultural Economics |
| By: | Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW); International Water Management Institute (IWMI). |
| Keywords: | Food security; Land resources; Water systems; Policy coherence; Water resources; Political aspects; Sustainable Development Goals |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iwt:bosers:h052513 |
| By: | HRISTOV Jordan (European Commission - JRC); TASSINARI Gianmaria (European Commission - JRC); HIMICS Mihaly; BEBER Caetano (European Commission - JRC); BARBOSA Ana Luisa (European Commission - JRC); ISBASOIU Ancuta (European Commission - JRC); KLINNERT Ana (European Commission - JRC); KREMMYDAS Dimitrios (European Commission - JRC); TILLIE Pascal (European Commission - JRC); FELLMANN Thomas (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The policy and public debate on the EU protein sector requires a comprehensive approach that includes EU plant protein production and supply, while simultaneously addressing the broader challenges and opportunities of protein demand in the food and feed sectors. Taking a food systems perspective, this report assesses synergies and trade-offs between four hypothetical scenarios. These scenarios are considered both individually and in combination, and describe possible futures for EU protein supply and demand: (i) providing specific support for protein crop production; (ii) changing livestock feed practices; (iii) restructuring the livestock herd; and (iv) transitioning towards more plant-based diets. While these scenarios are exploratory and do not prejudge policy decisions, the analysis demonstrates that joint changes on both supply and demand are required to enhance the sustainability and resilience of the EU agro-food system. The modelling results indicate that jointly addressing protein supply and demand can yield substantial environmental benefits and reduce the EU's reliance on imported feed protein. An integrated strategy is also essential to support farmers and the broader food system, realising opportunities and mitigating potential adverse impacts associated with the transition to a more sustainable protein supply and demand. |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc137180 |
| By: | Chu, Angus C.; Furukawa, Yuichi; Peretto, Pietro; Xu, Rongxin |
| Abstract: | Is agricultural productivity conducive to economic development? We develop a two-country open-economy Schumpeterian growth model with endogenous takeoff. With agricultural trade and a subsistence requirement, higher domestic agricultural productivity has ambiguous effects on the economy's takeoff and its transitional growth rate if domestic and imported agricultural goods are substitutes. Without the subsistence requirement, higher domestic agricultural productivity delays industrialization and lowers transitional growth by increasing domestic demand for agricultural labor. This specialization force works in the opposite direction of the change in domestic consumption pattern governed by the subsistence requirement, which tends to release labor from agriculture. Without agricultural trade, the specialization force is absent and the subsistence requirement on agricultural consumption implies that higher domestic agricultural productivity reallocates labor from agriculture to industry, hastening industrialization and raising transitional growth. Using cross-country panel-data, we find that agricultural productivity has a direct positive effect on economic growth but this positive effect weakens and even becomes negative when reliance on agricultural imports is sufficiently high. Simulating the calibrated model, we find that improvement in domestic agricultural productivity accounts for about one-third of the changes in TFP growth in China and Japan, respectively, and more so for their main trading partner, the US. |
| Keywords: | international trade; agricultural productivity; innovation; endogenous takeoff |
| JEL: | F43 O3 O4 |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122630 |
| By: | Hanna Fiegenbaum |
| Abstract: | Carbon credits are a key component of most national and organizational climate strategies. Financing and delivering carbon credits from forest-related activities faces multiple risks at the project and asset levels. Financial mechanisms are employed to mitigate risks for investors and project developers, complemented by non-financial measures such as environmental and social safeguards and physical risk mitigation. Despite these efforts, academic research highlights that safeguards and climate risk mitigation measures are not efficiently implemented in some carbon projects and that specification of environmental safeguards remains underdeveloped. Further, environmental and social risk mitigation capacities may not be integrated into financial mechanisms. This text examines how ecosystem capacities can be leveraged and valued for mitigation of and adaptation to physical risks by complementing carbon credits with biodiversity insurance and resilience value. |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2411.08452 |
| By: | Narain, V. |
| Keywords: | Agrifood systems; Public policies; History; Institutional development; Land resources; Irrigation; Participatory management; Green revolution; Climate change |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iwt:bosers:h052519 |
| By: | MCCANN Philip; JANSSEN Matthijs; STIERNA Johan (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | Mission-oriented innovation policies, as adopted by the European Union and several member states, tie top-down prioritization of societal problems to bottom-up problem-solving capacities. A critical challenge is to create resonance between (supra)national missions and the daily reality of field-level actors located in strong or weak regions with different problems, capabilities and institutions. Possibilities for synchronising those two worlds depend on how actors perceive risk and uncertainty, and on how these reframe the salience, credibility and legitimacy of missions. We conceptualise ‘local missions’ as both embedded in and re-scoping overarching missions, and discuss possibilities to support them through EU Cohesion policy. |
| Date: | 2024–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc139535 |
| By: | Drago, Carlo; Leogrande, Angelo |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the implications of high HI35 days, which increase the demand for water and energy supplies, overconsumption, and higher emissions induced by cooling demand. Socially, HI35 is associated with health morbidity and loss in labor productivity; hence, policies directed at protection of the well-being of the poor, such as improved access to health care and good working conditions, become increasingly relevant. Extreme heat, besides, accelerates resource competition that may further develop into a civil instability, which affects governance structures. The nation will be assisted in addressing the impacts brought forward by HI35 through resilient infrastructure policy, good governance practice, and sustainable resource management. This paper, therefore, concludes that integrated policy action in ESG will be urgently needed to address the risk from extreme heat and calls for adaptive strategies that move toward environmental sustainability, social equity, and effective governance. Finally, HI35 is helpful to guide policy responses against different and interwoven challenges of extreme heat on sustainable development. |
| Keywords: | ESG, Heat Index 35, Panel Data, Sustainability, Extreme Events |
| JEL: | Q50 Q51 Q56 Q57 Q58 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122697 |
| By: | Darith, Siek; Kimley, Lay; Eav, Lim Kim; Sanith, Pou; Chihouy, Yun; Bunhak, Tha; Sourphimean, Siek |
| Abstract: | This research explores how ingredient costs and efficiency ratios affect the sustainability of small coffee businesses in Battambang, Cambodia. By examining ingredient usage patterns, cost impacts, and economic efficiency, the study aims to find strategies to improve financial sustainability. Data were gathered from 80 coffee shop owners through surveys and interviews. Regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between various cost factors and coffee income. The results show that ingredient costs, equipment costs, and operational expenses significantly affect coffee income. Costs for coffee beans, ice, plastic items, and straws positively impact income, while the cost of ice buckets has a negative effect. Additionally, the price of coffee sold is crucial for revenue generation. The study concludes that by optimizing ingredient use, managing costs efficiently, and implementing strategic pricing, small coffee businesses in Battambang can improve their financial sustainability and support the local economy. |
| Date: | 2024–11–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:p7mn3 |
| By: | Long, Xianling; Huang, Kaixing; Xu, Shang |
| Abstract: | Employing a spatial equilibrium model and exploiting staggered solar farm installations across Chinese counties, this study reveals that solar energy development reduces local GDP per capita by an average of 2.7\%. This negative effect, primarily from competition for high-value land, is more pronounced in counties with high land opportunity costs. We observe a 2\% increase in the local population despite lower wages and higher housing prices, implying improvements in local amenities. This paper reframes the resource curse debate by examining the impacts of renewable energy, specifically solar power. |
| Keywords: | Solar energy, Land competition, Economic growth, Welfare. |
| JEL: | I31 O13 Q43 Q56 R14 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122651 |
| By: | Yokoo, Hide-Fumi (Hitotsubashi University); KUBO, Takahiro (National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)); Kunii, Daisuke; Sasaki, Hiroki |
| Abstract: | If a government highlighted the first producer to adopt green technology, how would the remaining producers react? This study is the first attempt to evaluate the impact of a message sent by the government to an industry about a first mover in climate action. Among 374 wineries in Japan, randomly selected half received a message mentioning the winery that was an early adopter of renewable energy. We then observed whether other wineries participated in webinars on carbon footprint measurement to collect information. We find that this message about climate leadership did not encourage the wineries to participate in the webinar, and it even had a negative effect on nearby wineries. We interpret these results as reflecting both the strategic decisions of competing wineries and the adverse psychological effects of the message. This preregistered experiment suggests that we must be cautious when designing policies to honor first movers on the supply side. |
| Date: | 2024–11–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:hbzun |
| By: | chen, shuning; Managi, Shunsuke |
| Abstract: | Natural capital defines planetary boundaries and provides a basis for sustainable development. This study reviews previous theoretical developments and confirms that natural capital accounting within the Inclusive Wealth (IW) framework provides a robust link between current capital assets and intergenerational well-being. This study contributes to the literature by combining theoretical advances with practical applications to address criticisms of empirical practice and improve the reliability and scope of cross-country natural capital accounting. An analysis of natural capital levels and changes in 163 economies over the past 30 years reveals significant regional disparities in the decline of global natural capital. In low-income countries, consumption driven by population growth and primary production patterns is severely depleting renewable natural capital. In middle-income countries, urbanization exacerbates natural capital depletion by substituting other forms of capital for natural capital. The wealth status of major G20 economies points to intensive environmental costs and loss of ecosystem services under technological progress, which ignores public ecosystem externalities. This study demonstrates the urgency of natural capital depletion awareness in the management of all economies and highlights the ability of natural capital accounting within the IW framework to inform policy decisions on sustainable growth. |
| Keywords: | Natural capital, Sustainability, Inclusive Wealth, Comprehensive Wealth |
| JEL: | F6 I3 Q5 |
| Date: | 2024–11–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122597 |
| By: | Hong, Jifeng; Kazakis, Pantelis; Strieborny, Martin |
| Abstract: | As economic integration advances, the interdependence between upstream and downstream firms within the supply chain intensifies. Using data from Chinese listed firms (2010–2023), we examine the impact of suppliers’ environmental misconduct on downstream firms’ green innovation continuity. We show that suppliers’ environmental misconduct significantly undermines downstream firms’ green innovation continuity. In addition, suppliers’ environmental misconduct lowers downstream executives’ green cognition and increases financial constraints, reducing green innovation continuity. Further, greater bargaining power in downstream firms mitigates the negative impact of suppliers’ environmental misconduct, while closer geographic proximity amplifies its harm to green innovation continuity. Moreover, we find that China’s 2015 environmental protection law curbed suppliers’ environmental misconduct, boosting green innovation continuity in downstream firms. Finally, talent introduction policies enhance green innovation continuity, though this effect is weakened by suppliers’ environmental misconduct. Our findings add to the green supply chain literature, provide a perspective of green innovation continuity for corporate governance, and expand research on the impact of exogenous policies and environmental regulations on firms. |
| Keywords: | supply chain relationships; supply chain information transmission; environmental misconduct; green innovation continuity; green policy; financial constraints |
| JEL: | G30 L14 L22 Q51 Q55 |
| Date: | 2024–11–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122743 |