nep-age New Economics Papers
on All new papers
Issue of 2014‒09‒08
two papers chosen by
Claudia Villosio
LABORatorio R. Revelli

  1. The Economic Consequences of Ageing: The Case of Finland By Christine de la Maisonneuve; Christophe André; Clara García; Vincent Koen
  2. The objective of this paper is to inquire the consequences of some simplifying assumptions typically made in the overlapping generations (OLG) models of pension systems and pension system reforms. This literature is largely driven by policy motivations. Consequently, the majority of the papers is extremely detailed in the dimension under scrutiny. On the other hand, complexity of general equilibrium OLG modeling necessitates some simplifications in the model. We run a series of experiments in which the same reform in the same economy is modeled with six different sets of assumptions concerning the shape of the utility function, time inconsistency, bequests’ redistribution, labor supply decisions and internalizing the linkage between social security contributions and benefits in these decisions as well as public spending. We find that these assumptions significantly affect both the size and the sign of the macroeconomic and welfare measures of policy effects with the order of magnitude comparable to the reform itself. By Marcin Bielecki; Karolina Goraus; Jan Hagemejer; Krzysztof Makraski; Joanna Tyrowicz

  1. By: Christine de la Maisonneuve; Christophe André; Clara García; Vincent Koen
    Abstract: Finland’s population is set to age rapidly in the coming decades. This will put pressure on public finances, while shrinking labour resources. Nonetheless, solutions exist to alleviate those pressures. Adjusting the pension age in line with the rise in life expectancy would reduce pension costs and increase older workers’ employment, provided it is accompanied by the removal of the pathways to early retirement. In order to allow people to work longer, labour market flexibility should be enhanced and lifelong training promoted further. Active labour market policies should be strengthened so as to increase the labour force participation of youth, childbearing age women and the long-term unemployed. Finally, ageing should not only be seen as a burden as it can also create opportunities for innovation and new markets and industries. Information and communications technologies, where Finland has a strong knowledge base, can help the elderly stay as autonomous as possible, which would contain long-term care costs and improve well-being. This Working Paper relates to the 2014 OECD Economic Survey of Finland (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economicsurvey- finland.htm). Les conséquences économiques du vieillissement : Le cas de la Finlande La population de la Finlande est en passe de vieillir rapidement dans les décennies à venir. Ceci devrait mettre sous tension les finances publiques et réduire les ressources en main-d’oeuvre. Toutefois, des solutions existent pour alléger ces tensions. Ajuster l’âge du départ à la retraite pour tenir compte de l’allongement de l’espérance de vie permettrait de réduire les coûts des pensions et d’accroître l’emploi des travailleurs seniors, à condition d’être accompagné d’une suppression des passerelles vers la retraite anticipée. Pour que les individus puissent travailler plus longtemps, le marché du travail devrait être rendu plus flexible et la formation tout au long de la vie encouragée. Les politiques actives du marché du travail devraient être renforcées afin d’accroître le taux d’activité des jeunes, des femmes en âge de procréer et des chômeurs de longue durée. Enfin, le vieillissement de la population ne devrait pas être considéré comme un phénomène uniquement négatif, car il peut aussi est porteur de perspectives d’innovation et d’émergence de nouveaux marchés et de nouveaux secteurs d’activité. Les technologies de l’information et des communications, où la Finlande possède une solide base de connaissance, peuvent aider les personnes âgées à rester aussi autonomes que possible, ce qui permettrait de contenir les coûts des soins à long terme et d’améliorer le bien-être. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE de la Finlande, 2014 (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/etude-econom ique-finlande.htm).
    Keywords: public finances, ageing, health, Finland, labour market, pensions, older workers, santé, Finlande, marché du travail, finances publiques, vieillissement, retraites, travailleurs âgés
    JEL: H51 H55 J11 J14 J26
    Date: 2014–06–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1120-en&r=age
  2. By: Marcin Bielecki (Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw); Karolina Goraus (Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw); Jan Hagemejer (Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw; National Bank of Poland); Krzysztof Makraski (Warsaw School of Economics; National Bank of Poland); Joanna Tyrowicz (Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw; National Bank of Poland)
    Keywords: pension system reform, overlapping generations (OLG), defined benefit, defined contribution
    JEL: C68 E17 E25 J11 J24 H55 D72
    Date: 2014
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:war:wpaper:2014-20&r=age

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