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on Africa |
| By: | Calderone, Margherita Bernal; Headey, Derek D.; Maystadt, Jean-François |
| Keywords: | Climate change, food security, Conflict, resilience, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:2020cb:12&r=afr |
| By: | Gelb, Alan; Meyer, Christian J.; Ramachandran, Vijaya |
| Abstract: | We consider economic development of sub-Saharan Africa from the perspective of slow convergence of productivity, both across sectors and firms within sectors. Why have .productivity enclaves., islands of high productivity in a sea of smaller low-productiv |
| Keywords: | productivity, manufacturing, dualism, firms, sub-Saharan Africa |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-042&r=afr |
| By: | Seguino, Stephanie; Were, Maureen |
| Abstract: | Researchers have linked sub-Saharan Africa.s (SSA) poor growth performance in recent decades to several factors, including geography, institutions, and low returns to investment. This literature has not yet integrated the research that identifies linkage |
| Keywords: | gender, economic development, growth, sub-Saharan Africa, macroeconomic models, fiscal policy |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-056&r=afr |
| By: | Rankin, Neil; Roberts, Gareth; Schoer, Volker |
| Abstract: | Vocational training programmes, like South Africa.s learnership programme, which combine classroom learning and on-the-job training seem like the type of intervention which can create skills, get young people into jobs quicker, and reduce youth unemployme |
| Keywords: | vocational training, youth employment, South Africa, learnerships |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-068&r=afr |
| By: | Bigsten, Arne |
| Abstract: | This paper discusses dimensions of inequality in sub-Saharan Africa and their causes. It starts with a review of the empirical evidence about inequality during the colonial period as well as the post-independence era. Then it discusses the forces that det |
| Keywords: | inequality, poverty, growth, structural change, endowments, employment, Africa |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-050&r=afr |
| By: | Berthelemy, Jean-Claude; Thuilliez, Josselin |
| Abstract: | Malaria still claims a heavy human and economic toll, specifically in sub-Saharan Africa. Even though the causality between malaria and poverty is presumably bi-directional, malaria plays a role in the economic difficulties of the region. This article pro |
| Keywords: | malaria, poverty, economic epidemiology |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-047&r=afr |
| By: | Badiane, Ousmane; Makombe, Tsitsi |
| Abstract: | Africa.s improved growth performance over the last 15 years provides an opportunity for the continent to transit from recovery to structural transformation. This paper reviews the evolution of development theory and practice, the role of agriculture there |
| Keywords: | agriculture, growth, development, Africa, structural transformation, industry, informal service sector, CAADP |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-061&r=afr |
| By: | Otsuka, Keijiro; Place, Frank |
| Abstract: | Due to increasing population pressure on limited cultivable land in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), farm size has been shrinking, fallow periods have been shortened, and soil fertility has been declining. In accordance with the Boserupian evolutio |
| Keywords: | population pressure, soil degradation, investments in land improvement, strengthened individual land rights, agricultural intensification |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-051&r=afr |
| By: | Miracle Ntuli; Prudence Kwenda (University of the Witwatersrand; Researcher) |
| Abstract: | One Achilles’ heel of post-Apartheid South Africa is the growing intra-racial income inequality, particularly among Africans. This paper examines the role of labour unions in explaining this phenomenon among African men given that labour markets are at the core of income inequality in South Africa. |
| Keywords: | Income Inequality; Wage Distribution, Labour Unions, Inequality Decomposition, South Africa |
| JEL: | D31 J31 J51 |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctw:wpaper:13159&r=afr |
| By: | Thorbecke, Erik |
| Abstract: | The distinct features of inclusive growth within the context of sub-Saharan Africa are identified. The anatomy of growth is analysed by exploring the interrelationship among growth, inequality, and poverty. The present growth spell appears to have been re |
| Keywords: | inclusive growth, inequality, poverty, structural transformation, institutions, sub-Saharan Africa |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-041&r=afr |
| By: | Masaki, Takaaki; van de Walle, Nicolas |
| Abstract: | Does democracy promote economic growth? There is still an ongoing debate over the economic implications of democracy, and this question has gained critical importance particularly in the African context, where a wave of democratization in the early 1990s |
| Keywords: | economic growth, democracy, democratization |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-057&r=afr |
| By: | Benjamin, Nancy; Mbaye, Ahmadou Aly |
| Abstract: | The informal sector makes up an overwhelming share of both gross domestic product and total employment in Africa. In this paper, we lay out some of the basic characteristics of the informal sector in sub-Saharan Africa, relevant institutions, and developm |
| Keywords: | informal enterprises, employment, demography, Africa, migration |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-052&r=afr |
| By: | Atkinson, A.B. |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the distribution of top incomes in 15 former British colonies in Africa, drawing on evidence available from income tax records. It seeks to throw light on the position of colonial elites during the period of British rule. Just how uneq |
| Keywords: | inequality, income distribution, colonial Africa |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-045&r=afr |
| By: | Haroon Bhorat; Sumayya Goga; David Tseng (Development Policy Research Unit; Director and Professor) |
| Abstract: | This study, primarily descriptive in nature, is one of the first to examine the claiming behaviour of unemployment benefit recipients within the South African Unemployment Insurance Fund system. In the period between 2005 and 2011, those with the lowest potential claim periods were also subject, on average, to lower absolute benefits compared to their wealthier counterparts. |
| Keywords: | Unemployment Insurance, Unemployment Benefits, Social Security Architecture, Claimants, Youth, Income Replacement, South Africa |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctw:wpaper:13160&r=afr |
| By: | de Melo, Jaime; Tsikata, Yvonne |
| Abstract: | Political motives, geography, and the uneven distribution of gains trumped the traditional efficiency gains across Africa.s Regional Economic Communities (RECs). The small, sparsely populated, fragmented, and often isolated economies across Africa make a |
| Keywords: | regional integration, Africa, trade creation, trade diversion, Franc zone, trade liberalization |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-037&r=afr |
| By: | Bhorat, Haroon; Naidoo, Karmen; Yu, Derek |
| Abstract: | This paper provides a historical overview of the South African trade union movement, followed by a brief discussion of the labour market legislation and institutions formed since 1994. Thereafter, a detailed evaluation of the impact of trade unions, legis |
| Keywords: | trade unions, labour market efficiency, wage premium, strikes, political economy, South Africa |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-055&r=afr |
| By: | Page, John; Shimeles, Abebe |
| Abstract: | Growth and poverty reduction in Africa are weakly linked. This paper argues that the reason is that Africa has failed to create enough good jobs. Structural transformation?the relative growth of employment in high productivity sectors?has not featured in |
| Keywords: | aid, employment, growth, poverty, structural change |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-043&r=afr |
| By: | Little, Peter D.; McPeak, John G. |
| Abstract: | Recently there has been a great deal of interest in applying the concept of resilience to pastoral systems and to development programs in pastoral systems. This paper addresses pastoralism and its resilience in Africa south of the Sahara, with a primary focus on the Horn of Africa and some contrast to West African examples. It begins with an overview of the realities of contemporary pastoralism in this area that highlights social, economic, and political challenges and opportunities. It then focuses on the concept of resilience and its applications in the specific context of pastoral production systems. After discussing the general appeal of resilience for analyzing these systems, the paper illustrates specific elements of pastoralism that enhance or constrain household-level resilience. Empirical examples of adaptations by pastoralists in response to the challenges of resilience then are presented, followed by a discussion of recent development initiatives in pastoralist areas. The conclusion considers what the concept of resilience contributes to an understanding of pastoralist systems and the development initiatives that hold the most promise for enhancing resilience in the future. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:2020cp:9&r=afr |
| By: | Lee, Keun; Juma, Calestous; Mathews, John |
| Abstract: | A sustainable pathway for Africa in the twenty-first century is laid out in the setting of the development of innovation capabilities and the capture of latecomer advantages. Africa has missed out on these possibilities in the twentieth century while seei |
| Keywords: | Africa, sustainable development, innovation capabilities, green growth strategy, latecomer advantages |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-062&r=afr |
| By: | Konte, Maty |
| Abstract: | Little investigation has been made to explain why women are less likely than are men to support democracy in sub-Saharan Africa. This gender difference in politics has been found in numerous studies and may hinder the much needed legitimation of democracy |
| Keywords: | support for democracy, gender difference, social institutions |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-044&r=afr |
| By: | Muchapondwa, Edwin |
| Abstract: | This study seeks to understand what aid flows have been doing to the environment in eight countries in Eastern, Western and Southern Africa. Total aid to these countries. environmental sectors for the 2000s decade is about US$10.17 billion and bilateral a |
| Keywords: | Africa, aid, environment, environmental mainstreaming |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-063&r=afr |
| By: | Leautier, Frannie A. |
| Abstract: | Countries need capacity for a variety of reasons, including sustaining economic growth, generating jobs, reducing poverty, effectively managing development programmes, and transforming societies and economies. A lot of effort has been expended to develop |
| Keywords: | Africa, animal spirits, capacity economic transformation, human capital, institutions, performance, policy |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-058&r=afr |
| By: | Haroon Bhorat; Elne Jacobs; Carlene van der Westhuizen (Development Policy Research Unit; Director and Professor) |
| Abstract: | Theory predicts that an increase in employment protection may reduce employment levels by acting as a tax on firms by constraining hiring and firing decisions. We use a unique administrative database of the country’s dispute resolution body – the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA) – to create a nuanced and empirically based measure of employment protection for the labour market in South Africa. |
| Keywords: | CCMA, Industrial Disputes, Employment, South Africa |
| JEL: | J23 J32 J41 K31 L51 |
| Date: | 2013–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctw:wpaper:13161&r=afr |
| By: | Basu, Alaka M.; Basu, Kaushik |
| Abstract: | This paper looks at the prospects of a demographic dividend in Africa in the near future. While acknowledging that the fertility declines which change population age structures and thus dependency ratios have been slow to begin and often seem to have stal |
| Keywords: | Africa; age distribution; family planning, health |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-053&r=afr |
| By: | Linda Kleemann; Rainer Thiele |
| Abstract: | Large-scale agricultural land acquisitions might entail substantial welfare implications for the affected rural population. Whether the impacts are indeed as devastating as the popular notion of "land grabs" would suggest depends on a number of factors, including the size of compensation payments, productivity spillovers on smallholders, employment opportunities for displaced farmers, and changes in food prices. We study the local welfare effects of land acquisitions in Sub-Saharan Africa using a theoretical model that captures the major channels through which land deals might affect rural African populations. We distinguish two basic scenarios. In the first scenario, the investor plants capital intensive staple food crops. Displaced farmers compete for a very limited number of jobs on the investment farm and spillovers to the remaining local farmers are rare. In the second scenario, where the investor is assumed to plant cash crops, potential spillovers through contract farming are larger and production is more labor intensive and hence provides better employment prospects. In both scenarios the crop produced on the investment farm is exported. The net welfare outcome varies with the relative strengths of the contradicting effects of spillovers, wages and food prices. We determine the minimum size of compensation payments for displaced farmers that would leave them as well off as staying on their plot |
| Keywords: | large-scale land acquisitions, local populations, welfare effects, displacement, food prices |
| JEL: | O13 Q12 |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kie:kieliw:1921&r=afr |
| By: | Taylor, Scott D. |
| Abstract: | Scholars and practitioners once commonly linked .African culture. to a distinctive .African capitalism., at odds with genuine capitalism and the demands of modern business. Yet contemporary African business cultures reveal that a capitalist ethos has take |
| Keywords: | African culture, business, capitalism, entrepreneurship, liberalization, patrimonialism |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-054&r=afr |
| By: | Little, Peter D.; McPeak, John G. |
| Abstract: | The recent popularity of the term resilience in the development discourse concerning arid and semiarid lands in Africa can be traced to two major international issues. The first is climate change, concerned with how to build resilient communities in the face of increasingly extreme weather events. The other is recurrent humanitarian crises, especially traced to the most recent drought†and conflictâ€induced 2011 disaster in the Horn of Africa. |
| Keywords: | food security, Nutrition security, Pastoralism, Climate change, Weather, resilience, shocks, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:2020cb:9&r=afr |
| By: | M. Arouri; A. Bwn Youssef; Ceyhun Elgin |
| Date: | 2014–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bou:wpaper:2014/04&r=afr |
| By: | Kahyarara, Godius |
| Abstract: | This paper provides an assessment of what aid has actually been doing in the area of environment in Tanzania through a critical review of the flows, modalities and management of aid. Focusing on the funding for environmental degradation projects, the stud |
| Keywords: | aid, development, environment |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-077&r=afr |
| By: | Lin, Justin Yifu; Wang, Yan |
| Abstract: | This paper examines China and Africa co-operation from the angle of structural transformation as a major driver of growth and job creation. Being a bit ahead in the structural transformation process, China can provide ideas, tacit knowledge, opportunities |
| Keywords: | structural transformation, development co-operation, development finance, China, Africa |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-046&r=afr |
| By: | Daron Acemoglu; Isaías N. Chaves; Philip Osafo-Kwaako; James A. Robinson |
| Abstract: | A fundamental problem for economic development is that most poor countries have ‘weak state’ which are incapable or unwilling to provide basic public goods such as law enforcement, order, education and infrastructure. In Africa this is often attributed to the persistence of ‘indirect rule’ from the colonial period. In this paper we discuss the ways in which a state constructed on the basis of indirect rule is weak and the mechanisms via which this has persisted since independence in Sierra Leone. We also present a hypothesis as to why the extent to which indirect rule has persisted varies greatly within Africa, linking it to the presence or the absence of large centralized pre-colonial polities within modern countries. Countries which had such a polity, such as Ghana and Uganda, tended to abolish indirect rule since it excessively empowered traditional rulers at the expense of post-colonial elites. Our argument provides a new mechanism which can explain the positive correlation between pre-colonial political centralization and modern public goods and development outcomes. |
| JEL: | D7 H11 |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:20092&r=afr |
| By: | Oketch, Moses |
| Abstract: | Technical, vocational education, and training has remained an explosive topic because it can create a divided society in terms of education and the benefits associated with it. Internationally, it has always been a complex and controversial topic compared |
| Keywords: | vocational education, youth, skills, education policy, employment, demographic dividend |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-069&r=afr |
| By: | Ogundipe, Adeyemi; Alege, Philip; Ogundipe, Oluwatomisin |
| Abstract: | The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis asserts that pollution levels rises as a country develops, but reaches a certain threshold where pollution begins to fall with increasing income. In EKC analysis, the relationship between environmental degradation and income is usually expressed as a quadratic function with turning point occurring at a maximum pollution level. The study seeks to examine the pattern and nature of EKC in Africa and major income groups according to World Bank classification comprising low income, lower middle income and upper middle income in Africa. In ensuring the robustness of our study; the paper proceeded by ascertaining the nature of EKC in all fifty-three countries of Africa in order to confirm the results obtained from basic and augmented EKC model. The study could not validate EKC hypothesis in Africa (combined), low income and upper middle income but empirical and analytical evidences supports the existence of EKC in lower middle income countries. Likewise, evidences from the robustness checks confirmed the findings from the basic and augmented EKC model. The study could not attain a reasonable turning point as there are evidences that Africa could be turning on the EKC at lower levels of income. Also, there is need to strengthen institutions in order to enforce policies that prohibits environmental pollution and ensure pro-poor development. |
| Keywords: | Pollution, Income, Environmental Kuznets Curve, Africa |
| JEL: | N17 Q1 Q4 Q5 |
| Date: | 2014–05–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:55822&r=afr |
| By: | Margaret S. McMillan; Kenneth Harttgen |
| Abstract: | We show that much of Africa’s recent growth and poverty reduction can be traced to a substantive decline in the share of the labor force engaged in agriculture. This decline has been accompanied by a systematic increase in the productivity of the labor force, as it has moved from low productivity agriculture to higher productivity manufacturing and services. These declines have been more rapid in countries where the initial share of the labor force engaged in agriculture is the highest and where commodity price increases have been accompanied by improvements in the quality of governance. |
| JEL: | O13 O4 Q16 |
| Date: | 2014–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:20077&r=afr |
| By: | Kodila-Tedika, Oasis |
| Abstract: | This article explores the relationship between the cover of insecticide-treated mosquito net and some indicators of education. The analysis is based on a panel sample of 41 countries of sub-Saharan African over the period 2001-2006. Our results suggest that cover of insecticide-treated mosquito net positivelyaffect the indicators of education. Cet articles’intéresse à la relation entre la couverture en moustiquaires imprégnées d’insecticide et quelquesindicateurs d’éducation. L’étude est réalisée en panel à partir d’un échantillon de 41 pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne sur la période de 2001 à 2006. Nos résultats suggèrent qu’en général l’augmentation de la couverture en moustiquaire affecte positivement les indicateurs d’éducation considérés. |
| Keywords: | Education, Paludisme, Moustiquaire, Afrique sub-saharienne |
| JEL: | H51 H52 I12 I15 I28 O55 |
| Date: | 2014–05–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:55913&r=afr |
| By: | Amao, Ifeoluwapo; Akinlade, Roseline |
| Abstract: | The study examined the gender dimension of child labour among horticultural households in Bauchi State, Nigeria. Data were collected on child, household and community characteristics. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and the multinomial logit regression model at p=0.05. Results showed that more female children were attending school only (29.30%) than males (18.85%). Male children participated more in work outside the home such as work on family farm (74.62%) while females were involved in household chores (56.69%) they also spent more time in these activities than in school. Increasing age of both male and female children increases the likelihood of their involvement in child labour. Household ownership of farmland increases the likelihood of male children being in all the activity options. For female children, increasing number of preschool aged children (0-4 years) in the household increases the likelihood of their working full time. The study therefore appeals that considering both gender, children in horticultural households of Bauchi State should be encouraged to stay in school to achieve at least the specified nine years of basic education. |
| Keywords: | Child labour, Horticultural households, Gender perspective, Schooling, Bauchi State, Nigeria. |
| JEL: | J13 |
| Date: | 2014–05–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:55708&r=afr |
| By: | Ackah, Charles; Adjasi, Charles; Turkson, Festus; Acquah, Adjoa |
| Abstract: | This paper provides evidence on the nature of returns to education in Ghana and confirms the emerging empirical literature on the convexity of returns to education in Ghana. Using a basic Mincerian, model we find that returns to education more than triple |
| Keywords: | education, earnings, convexity, Ghana |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-073&r=afr |
| By: | Lazzaroni, S.; Bedi, A.S. |
| Abstract: | This study examines the impact of weather variations on food consumption in rural Uganda. The paper relies on two-period panel data (2005/06-2009/10) combined with data on rainfall, number of rainy days and maximum and minimum temperatures. We find that higher temperatures have an adverse effect on food consumption. In contrast, food consumption is not substantially affected by rainfall variations. While evidence from qualitative interviews and trends in agricultural production suggest that households are adopting mitigation measures, the conclusion from the evidence assembled in this paper is that higher temperatures are associated with a decline in crop yields and food consumption. |
| Keywords: | weather variability, risk, food consumption, Uganda |
| Date: | 2014–04–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ems:euriss:51272&r=afr |
| By: | Rachel Sabates-Wheeler; Philip Verwimp |
| Abstract: | Using a panel dataset from Burundi where information on protection payments during the 10 year civil war were collected, we test the relationship between payments, the nature of extraction by the rebels, and welfare outcomes. We ask, does payment to rebels insure against future welfare loss and does the nature of payment matter? Specifically, does the level of institutionalisation of extraction within the rebel governance structure provide a form of insurance for future welfare? No less than 30% of the interviewees made at least one payment. Rebels extract these taxes through one of two routes: an ‘institutionalised’ and regular cash-with-receipt method or an ad hoc and unpredictable labour extraction. Using matching methods we find that payment through the institutionalised route increases household welfare between 16 and 25%. Ad hoc extraction has no effect. We situate our findings in the empirical literatures on contributions to mafia-type organisations and rebel governance. |
| Keywords: | extortion; taxation; forced labour; welfare; rebellion; Africa |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eca:wpaper:2013/155694&r=afr |
| By: | Sabates-Wheeler, Rachel; Hurrell, Alex; Devereux, Stephen |
| Abstract: | Identifying the poorest for selection into social transfer programmes is a major challenge facing programme implementers. An innovative cash transfer programme in northern Kenya trialled three targeting mechanisms to learn lessons about which approach is |
| Keywords: | social transfers, errors, Kenya |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-040&r=afr |
| By: | Giulia La Mattina (University of South Florida) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the long-term impact of civil conflict on intimate partner violence and women’s decision-making power using post-genocide data from Rwanda. Household survey data collected 11 years after the genocide indicate that women who became married after the genocide experienced significantly increased intimate partner violence and decreased decision-making power relative to women who became married before. The effect was greater for women in localities with high genocide intensity. I find that variation in the marriage market sex ratio across localities and over time explains part of the effect of the genocide on intimate partner violence. |
| Date: | 2014–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hic:wpaper:175&r=afr |
| By: | Ackah, Charles; Adjasi, Charles; Turkson, Festus |
| Abstract: | This paper chronicles the evolution of industry in Ghana over the post-independence era from an inward over-protected import substitution industrialization strategy of 1960-83 to an outward liberalized strategy during 1984-2000, and since 2001, to the pri |
| Keywords: | industry, industrialization, industrial policy, manufacturing, developing countries, Ghana |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-075&r=afr |
| By: | Cappelen, Alexander W. (Dept. of Economics, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration); Kariv, Shachar (University of California, Berkeley); Sørensen, Erik Ø. (Dept. of Economics, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration); Tungodden, Bertil (Dept. of Economics, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration) |
| Abstract: | We report an experimental test of the four touchstones of rationality in choice under risk – utility maximization, stochastic dominance, expected-utility maximization and small-stakes risk neutrality – with students from one of the best universities in the United States and one of the best universities in Africa, the University of Dar es Salaam. Although the US and the Tanzanian subjects come from different backgrounds and face different economic prospects, they are united by being among the most able in their societies. Importantly, many of whom will exercise an outsized influence over economic and political affairs. We find very small or no significant differences between the two samples in the degree of rationality according to a number of standard economic measures. An alternative approach is to take cognitive ability (IQ) as a proxy for economic rationality. We show that a canonical IQ test indicates a much larger development gap in rationality relative to our economic tests. |
| Keywords: | Development; rationality; revealed preference; stochastic dominance; expected utility; risk aversion; cognitive ability; experiment. |
| JEL: | D01 D03 D81 O12 |
| Date: | 2014–01–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nhheco:2014_008&r=afr |
| By: | Breisinger, Clemens; Ecker, Olivier; Maystadt, Jean-François; Trinh Tan, Jean-François; Al-Riffai, Perrihan; Bouzar, Khalida; Sma, Abdelkarim; Abdelgadir, Mohamed |
| Abstract: | Food insecurity at the national and household level not only is a consequence of conflict but can also cause and drive conflicts. This paper makes the case for an even higher priority for food security–related policies and programs in conflict-prone countries. |
| Keywords: | Conflict, food security, subsidies, Climate change, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:2020cp:3&r=afr |
| By: | Nlom, Jean Hugues; Karimov, Aziz |
| Abstract: | The present study aims to explore economic and socio-demographic factors that influence the household.s probability to switch from firewood to clean fuels in northern Cameroon. The paper employs an ordered probit model to construct cooking patterns and fu |
| Keywords: | Cameroon, firewood, clean fuels, ordered probit model |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-038&r=afr |
| By: | Davis, Kristin E.; Babu, Suresh Chandra; Blom, Sylvia |
| Abstract: | The assumption underlying this hypothesis is that farmers lack the knowledge, resources, or both to adequately prevent, anticipate, prepare for, cope with, and recover from shocks. Extension and advisory services may be able to rectify this information asymmetry, or knowledge inequality, by providing or facilitating access to a variety of assets. |
| Keywords: | food security, Nutrition security, Smallholders, extension activities, Weather, Advisory services, resilience, shocks, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:2020cb:13&r=afr |
| By: | Cruz, Antonio Sousa; Guambe, Dina; Marrengula, Constantino Pedro; Ubisse, Amosse Francisco |
| Abstract: | After the Second World War, Mozambique went through a series of transformations, from an incipient industrializing colonial society to an independent country with a central planned economy, plus a regional and internal war, and finally from 1994 onwards, |
| Keywords: | manufacturing, investment, firms, policy, industrialization, Mozambique |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-059&r=afr |
| By: | Cruz, Antonio; Newman, Carol; Rand, John; Tarp, Finn |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we aim to analyse the learning by exporting hypothesis in the Mozambican context. Due to the presence of the born-global phenomenon among exporters, we address the endogeneity introduced by self-selection by combining a generalized BO appro |
| Keywords: | firm level analysis, export, Mozambique |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unu:wpaper:wp2014-066&r=afr |