nep-spo 2020-12-21 papers

on Sports and Economics

Issue of 2020‒12‒21
two papers chosen by
Humberto Barreto
DePauw University

Eliminating supportive crowds reduces referee bias By J. James Reade; Dominik Schreyer; Carl Singleton
ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF THE GROUPING OF NON-PROFESSIONAL SPORTS CLUBS : the case of athletics clubs in Lyon’s metropolis By Laurent Nkodo Samba

Eliminating supportive crowds reduces referee bias

By:	J. James Reade (Department of Economics, University of Reading); Dominik Schreyer (Wissenschaftliche Hochschule für Unternehmensführung (WHU)); Carl Singleton (Department of Economics, University of Reading)
Abstract:	We use a series of historical natural experiments in association football (soccer) to test whether social pressure affected behaviour and outcomes. We observe how the normal advantage for the home team of playing in their own stadium was eroded behind closed doors, with no supporters. After designing a three-step sample selection and regression strategy, to get as close as possible to a causal interpretation, the standout effect of an empty stadium was that referees cautioned visiting players significantly less often, by over a third of a yellow card per match or once for every twenty-two fouls. Closed doors matches were different because referees favoured the home team less in their decision making. These results add to the literature describing how home advantage in sports decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic, though many other factors changed at that time besides the emptying stadiums.
Keywords:	Home Advantage, Referee Bias, Social Pressure, Attendance, Natural Experiments, Sports Economics, Coronavirus
JEL:	C90 D91 L83 Z20
Date:	2020–12–05
URL:	http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rdg:emxxdp:em-dp2020-25&r=all

ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF THE GROUPING OF NON-PROFESSIONAL SPORTS CLUBS : the case of athletics clubs in Lyon’s metropolis

By:	Laurent Nkodo Samba (CRISS - Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences de la Société - UPHF - Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, L-VIS - Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (EA 7428) - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon)
Abstract:	This article responds to a questioning around the rise of a new and topical phenomenon in France, the grouping of non-professional sports clubs, based on the pooling of resources. In fact, it offers the answers to the questions how to set up a grouping of amateur sports clubs and how to manage the new club through the Mintzberg's contingency theory and the strategic analysis of the actors of M. Crozier & E. Friedberg. Our inductive qualitative study carried out with the athletics clubs of Lyon's metropolis is based on four types of data, in particular, formal and informal interviews, participatory and non-participatory observations, press clippings and internal documents to sports associations and qualitative by the anchored theory of Pierre Paille allowed us to process the data collected. Our research presents the seven key stages in the creation of amateur sports club's grouping, some management tools of a grouping club and the construction of a framework for identifying amateur sports club's grouping, aspects that attract few researchers in the management of sports organizations.
Abstract:	Cet article répond à un questionnement autour de la montée d'un phénomène nouveau et d'actualité en France, le regroupement de clubs sportifs amateurs, fondée sur la mutualisation des ressources. Concrètement, il propose des réponses aux questions, comment mettre en place un regroupement de clubs sportifs amateurs et comment manager le nouveau club regroupé à travers les théories de la contingence de H. Mintzberg et l'analyse stratégique des acteurs de M. Crozier & E. Friedberg. Notre étude, qualitative inductive menée auprès des clubs d'athlétisme de la métropole de Lyon, se fonde sur quatre types de données, notamment, entretiens formels et informels, observations participatives et non participatives, coupures de presses et documents internes aux associations sportives. L'analyse qualitative par théorisation ancrée de Pierre Paillé, nous a permis de traiter les données recueillies. Notre recherche présente les sept étapes clés de la réalisation d'un regroupement de clubs sportifs amateurs, quelques outils de gestion d'un club regroupé et la construction d'un cadre d'identification des regroupements de clubs sportifs amateurs ; des aspects qui attirent peu de chercheurs en management des organisations sportives. Mots clés : mise en place regroupement de clubs, gestion du regroupement, entente de clubs, fusion de clubs,
Date:	2020–11–13
URL:	http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-03003775&r=all

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