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on Sports and Economics |
| By: | Jetter, Michael (Universidad EAFIT); Walker, Jay K. (Niagara University) |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes potential gender differences in competitive environments using a sample of over 100,000 professional tennis matches. We focus on two phenomena of the labor and sports economics literature: the hot-hand and clutch-player effects. First, we find strong evidence for the hot-hand (cold-hand) effect. Every additional win in the most recent ten Tour matches raises the likelihood of prevailing in the current encounter by 3.1 (males) to 3.3 percentage points (females). Second, top male and female players are excelling in Grand Slam tournaments, arguably the most important events in tennis. For men, we also find evidence for top players winning more tie-breaks at Grand Slams. Overall, we find virtually no gender differences for the hot-hand effect and only minor distinctions for the clutch-player effect. |
| Keywords: | gender gap, competition, hot hand, clutch player, tennis |
| JEL: | J24 L83 D84 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp8934&r=spo |
| By: | Douglas Coate; James Vanderhoff |
| Abstract: | We present evidence on the length of athletic careers in a number of varsity sports for male and female athletes in the Ivy League. We argue that the number of years that these athletes choose to compete reflects their interest and commitment to their sport and is relevant to the Title IX controversy over the requirement that male and female varsity sports participation opportunities be proportional to their undergraduate enrollments. We find virtually no difference in the mean lengths of athletic careers by sport for male and female Ivy League athletes in basketball, soccer, golf, lacrosse, tennis, and cross country, 1999-2013. |
| Keywords: | sports economics, Title IX |
| JEL: | I28 J16 K23 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:run:wpaper:2015-001&r=spo |
| By: | Cisyk, Jeffrey; Courty, Pascal |
| Abstract: | There is little evidence in support of the main economic rationale for regulating athletic doping: that doping reduces fan interest. The introduction of random testing for performance-enhancing drugs (PED) by Major League Baseball (MLB) offers unique data to investigate the issue. The announcement of a PED violation: (a) initially reduces home-game attendance by 8 percent, (b) has no impact on home-game attendance after 12 days, and (c) has a small negative impact on the game attendance for other MLB teams. A lower bound for the cost of a PED violation to a team is $451K. This is the first systematic evidence that doping decreases consumer demand for sporting events. |
| Keywords: | baseball; demand estimation; doping; performance enhancing drug |
| JEL: | D01 L83 |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:10524&r=spo |
| By: | Green, Colin P. (Lancaster University); Lozano, Fernando A. (Pomona College); Simmons, Rob (Lancaster University) |
| Abstract: | We analyse how a change in the probability of winning a tournament affects an agent's effort using the qualification rules for entry into the group and playoff stages of the UEFA Champions' League. Our results suggest that increasing the number of slots that a national league gets in the Champions' League leads to increases in investment in talent ex ante. This effect is largest among the teams that in the previous season just failed to qualify. This suggests that changes in prize structure leads to changes in investment decisions amongst those clubs most affected at the margin. However, we also find that incumbent teams that have already qualified for the Champions' League simultaneously raise their efforts, consistent with the occurrence of an arms race among top European football teams. |
| Keywords: | tournaments, UEFA Champions League |
| JEL: | M5 |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp8950&r=spo |