nep-spo New Economics Papers
on Sports and Economics
Issue of 2010‒02‒20
two papers chosen by
Joao Carlos Correia Leitao
Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre and Technical University of Lisbon
  1. Broadcasting Rights and Competitive Balance in European Soccer By Peeters Th.
  2. Beyond the Classroom: Using Title IX to Measure the Return to High School Sports By Betsey Stevenson
  1. By: Peeters Th.
    Abstract: Collective sales of media rights are a common practice in sports leagues. Proponents of the system claim that it is a necessary tool for the maintenance of competitive balance. In this empirical paper, I argue that, in European soccer, collective sales do not increase competitive balance as compared to individual sales. Secondly, I demonstrate the negative effect of the UEFA Champions League on competitive balance. Finally, I illustrate the beneficial effect of a larger market size and a more equal distribution of drawing power. These results shed new light on antitrust and solidarity policies in the sports industry.
    Date: 2009–09
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ant:wpaper:2009009&r=spo
  2. By: Betsey Stevenson
    Abstract: Between 1972 and 1978 U.S. high schools rapidly increased their female athletic participation rates—to approximately the same level as their male athletic participation rates—in order to comply with Title IX, a policy change that provides a unique quasi-experiment in female athletic participation. This paper examines the causal implications of this expansion in female sports participation by using variation in the level of boys’ athletic participation across states before Title IX to instrument for the change in girls’ athletic participation. Analysis of differences in outcomes across states in changes between pre- and post-cohorts reveals that a 10-percentage point rise in state-level female sports participation generates a 1 percentage point increase in female college attendance and a 1 to 2 percentage point rise in female labor force participation. Furthermore, greater opportunities to play sports leads to greater female participation in previously male-dominated occupations, particularly in high-skill occupations.
    JEL: I2 I21 I28 J16 J18 J21 J22 J24 J44 K3 K36
    Date: 2010–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:15728&r=spo
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